Ryerson University, Daphne Cockwell School of Nursing, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Health Soc Care Community. 2011 Nov;19(6):626-35. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2524.2011.01004.x. Epub 2011 May 20.
Few studies have investigated what information women from minority immigrant groups need about breast cancer and screening. Nor has much research been conducted about how such women would prefer to receive this information. Mere translation of breast cancer and screening information from generic materials, without considering and respecting women's unique historical, political, and cultural experiences, is insufficient. This study explored breast cancer and screening information needs and preferred methods of communication among Iranian immigrant women. A convenience sample of 50 women was recruited and interviewed over a 4-month period (June-September 2008); all resided in Toronto Canada, and had no history of breast cancer. Tape-recorded interviews were transcribed and analysed using a thematic analysis technique. While generic breast health communication focusing on physiological risk information meets some of the needs of Iranian immigrant women, results showed that the needs of this group go beyond this basic information. This group is influenced by historical, sociopolitical, and cultural experiences pre- and post-immigration. Their experiences with chemical war, unsafe physical environment (air and water pollution), and their sociopolitical situation appear to have limited their access to accurate and reliable breast cancer and screening information in their homeland. Moreover, the behavioural and psychosocial changes they face after immigration appear to have a strong influence on their breast cancer and screening information needs. Considering their limited time due to their multiple demands post-migration, multi-media methods were highly preferred as a communication means by this group. The results of this study can be used to guide the design and implementation of culturally sensitive breast health information. For instance, video presentations conducted by a trusted Iranian healthcare professional focusing on socioculturally relevant breast cancer risk factors, symptoms, and screening methods, as well as a list of available breast health resources, could improve Iranian women's knowledge and uptake of breast health practices.
很少有研究调查少数族裔移民群体的女性对乳腺癌和筛查需要了解哪些信息。也没有太多研究探讨这些女性希望如何获得这些信息。仅仅将乳腺癌和筛查信息从通用材料中翻译出来，而不考虑和尊重女性独特的历史、政治和文化经验是不够的。本研究探讨了伊朗移民女性的乳腺癌和筛查信息需求以及她们偏好的沟通方式。在 4 个月的时间里（2008 年 6 月至 9 月），采用方便抽样的方法招募了 50 名女性进行访谈；所有受访者均居住在加拿大多伦多，且没有乳腺癌病史。对录音采访进行了转录，并使用主题分析技术进行了分析。虽然以生理风险信息为重点的通用乳腺健康信息满足了一些伊朗移民女性的部分需求，但研究结果表明，该群体的需求不仅仅局限于这些基本信息。这一群体受到移民前后的历史、社会政治和文化经历的影响。她们在母国经历的化学战争、不安全的物理环境（空气和水污染）以及社会政治状况，似乎限制了她们获取准确可靠的乳腺癌和筛查信息。此外，她们移民后的行为和社会心理变化似乎对她们的乳腺癌和筛查信息需求产生了强烈影响。考虑到她们在移民后面临的多种需求，她们更倾向于使用多媒体方法作为沟通手段。本研究的结果可用于指导设计和实施具有文化敏感性的乳腺健康信息。例如，由一位可信赖的伊朗医疗保健专业人员制作的关于与社会文化相关的乳腺癌风险因素、症状和筛查方法以及可用的乳腺健康资源列表的视频演示，可以提高伊朗女性对乳腺健康实践的认识和接受程度。
