Allergy Unit, Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcón, Alcorcón, Spain.
Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2011;156(2):212-20. doi: 10.1159/000322997. Epub 2011 May 19.
Only two studies have analyzed the incidence of anaphylaxis during admission to hospital. We have analyzed the incidence of anaphylaxis among hospitalized patients and determined the timing of and risk factors for episodes of anaphylaxis.
Our study was performed between 1999 and 2005. We used the definition of anaphylaxis of the NIAID-FAAN symposium. Cases of anaphylaxis were extracted from an official database of discharge diagnoses coded according to the International Classification of Diseases, Clinical Modification, Ninth Revision (ICD-9-CM), Sixth Edition. Specific and generic codes related to anaphylaxis were chosen. This strategy revealed 83.3% (95% confidence interval, CI, 47-99%) of all episodes of anaphylaxis in a pilot study. The incidence of episodes of anaphylaxis and the hazard ratios were calculated for the different variables.
We observed a crude cumulative incidence of 1.5 episodes of anaphylaxis (95% CI, 0.9-1.9) in 5,000 admissions. The cumulative incidence according to the Standardized European Population was 1.6 cases in 5,000 admissions (95% CI, 0.8-2.3). Cox regression analysis showed that anaphylaxis occurs mainly in young people (0.97; 95% CI, 0.95-0.99) and its incidence differs according to the clinical unit. The Vascular Surgery Unit had the highest incidence rate (hazard ratio 7.7; 95% CI, 2.1-28.6). Males had a lower risk of suffering from anaphylaxis than females (0.5; 95% CI, 0.2-0.9).
Anaphylaxis is a very rare event among hospitalized patients. Female gender, young age and admission to the Vascular Surgery Unit favored the occurrence of episodes of anaphylaxis among hospitalized patients.
仅有两项研究分析了住院期间过敏反应的发生率。我们分析了住院患者中过敏反应的发生率，并确定了过敏反应发作的时间和危险因素。
我们的研究于 1999 年至 2005 年进行。我们使用 NIAID-FAAN 研讨会的过敏反应定义。过敏反应病例从根据国际疾病分类，临床修订版，第九版（ICD-9-CM），第六版编码的官方出院诊断数据库中提取。选择了与过敏反应相关的特定和通用代码。在一项试点研究中，该策略揭示了所有过敏反应发作的 83.3%（95%置信区间，47-99%）。计算了不同变量的过敏反应发作发生率和危险比。
我们观察到在 5000 例入院中，过敏反应的粗累积发生率为 1.5 例（95%置信区间，0.9-1.9）。根据标准化欧洲人口计算，5000 例入院中过敏反应的累积发生率为 1.6 例（95%置信区间，0.8-2.3）。Cox 回归分析表明，过敏反应主要发生在年轻人中（0.97；95%置信区间，0.95-0.99），其发生率根据临床科室而有所不同。血管外科病房的发病率最高（危险比 7.7；95%置信区间，2.1-28.6）。男性发生过敏反应的风险低于女性（0.5；95%置信区间，0.2-0.9）。
过敏反应在住院患者中是一种非常罕见的事件。女性性别、年轻和入住血管外科病房有利于住院患者过敏反应发作。
