STD and AIDS Clinical Center, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China.
Acta Derm Venereol. 2011 Sep;91(5):552-6. doi: 10.2340/00015555-1107.
Skin lesions are often associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, reflecting the immunocompromised status of the individual. We investigated the relationship between skin lesions and immune function in a retrospective study of 796 Chinese HIV patients with and without highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Of the 651 patients who had not received HAART, we found that 531 (81.6%) had apparent skin lesions. The incidence of infectious skin diseases (fungi, viruses, bacteria, spirochetes and parasites) and non-infectious skin diseases (excluding skin cancer) was 68.8% and 34.9%, respectively. Mean CD4(+) T-cell counts and CD4(+)/CD8(+) ratios were lower in patients with skin lesions than in patients without lesions (178 ± 96/µl vs. 306 ± 189/µl (p < 0.05) and 0.22 vs. 0.34 (p < 0.01), respectively). Candidiasis (25.8%), eczema (19.2%), nodular prurigo (13.8%), dermatophyte infections (10.6%) and herpes zoster (9.4%) were most common in Chinese patients with HIV. Among the 145 patients who had started HAART, there was a significantly lower prevalence of skin diseases (29.0%), although drug eruptions (12.4%) were more commonly observed. These findings indicate that HAART often reduces the incidence of infectious and non-infectious skin lesions in patients with HIV, but can itself be the cause of drug eruptions.
皮肤损伤常与人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染相关，反映了个体的免疫抑制状态。我们对 796 例中国 HIV 患者（包括接受和未接受高效抗逆转录病毒治疗（HAART）的患者）进行了回顾性研究，以探讨皮肤损伤与免疫功能之间的关系。在未接受 HAART 的 651 例患者中，我们发现有 531 例（81.6%）存在明显的皮肤损伤。传染性皮肤疾病（真菌、病毒、细菌、螺旋体和寄生虫）和非传染性皮肤疾病（不包括皮肤癌）的发生率分别为 68.8%和 34.9%。有皮肤损伤的患者的 CD4+T 细胞计数和 CD4+/CD8+比值均低于无皮肤损伤的患者（178 ± 96/µl 比 306 ± 189/µl（p < 0.05）和 0.22 比 0.34（p < 0.01））。白色念珠菌病（25.8%）、湿疹（19.2%）、结节性痒疹（13.8%）、皮肤癣菌感染（10.6%）和带状疱疹（9.4%）是中国 HIV 患者中最常见的皮肤疾病。在开始 HAART 的 145 例患者中，皮肤疾病的患病率明显降低（29.0%），尽管药物性皮疹（12.4%）更为常见。这些发现表明，HAART 通常会降低 HIV 患者感染性和非感染性皮肤损伤的发生率，但自身也可能导致药物性皮疹。
