Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.
Nanomedicine. 2011 Dec;7(6):763-79. doi: 10.1016/j.nano.2011.04.001. Epub 2011 May 3.
Nanomedicine approaches have revolutionized the treatment of cancer and vascular diseases, where the limitations of rapid nonspecific clearance, poor biodistribution and harmful side effects associated with direct systemic drug administration can be overcome by packaging the agents within sterically stabilized, long-circulating nanovehicles that can be further surface-modified with ligands to actively target cellular/molecular components of the disease. With significant advancements in genetics, proteomics, cellular and molecular biology and biomaterials engineering, the nanomedicine strategies have become progressively refined regarding the modulation of surface and bulk chemistry of the nanovehicles, control of drug release kinetics, manipulation of nanoconstruct geometry and integration of multiple functionalities on single nanoplatforms. The current review aims to capture the various nanomedicine approaches directed specifically toward vascular diseases during the past two decades. Analysis of the promises and limitations of these approaches will help identify and optimize vascular nanomedicine systems to enhance their efficacy and clinical translation in the future.
Nanomedicine-based approaches have had a major impact on the treatment and diagnosis of malignancies and vascular diseases. This review discusses various nanomedicine approaches directed specifically toward vascular diseases during the past two decades, highlighting their advantages, limitations and offering new perspectives on future applications.
纳米医学方法已经彻底改变了癌症和血管疾病的治疗方法，通过将药物包装在具有空间稳定、长循环的纳米载体中，可以克服直接全身给药时快速非特异性清除、生物分布不良和有害副作用的限制，这些纳米载体可以进一步用配体进行表面修饰，以主动靶向疾病的细胞/分子成分。随着遗传学、蛋白质组学、细胞和分子生物学以及生物材料工程的重大进展，纳米医学策略在纳米载体的表面和体化学修饰、药物释放动力学控制、纳米结构几何形状的操纵以及单个纳米平台上的多种功能整合方面得到了逐步改进。本综述旨在总结过去二十年中专门针对血管疾病的各种纳米医学方法。分析这些方法的优缺点将有助于识别和优化血管纳米医学系统，以提高其未来的疗效和临床转化。
基于纳米医学的方法在恶性肿瘤和血管疾病的治疗和诊断方面产生了重大影响。这篇综述讨论了过去二十年中专门针对血管疾病的各种纳米医学方法，强调了它们的优点、局限性，并为未来的应用提供了新的视角。
