Institute of Immunology, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China.
Int Immunopharmacol. 2011 Oct;11(10):1433-41. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2011.04.023. Epub 2011 May 19.
Liver is the lymphoid organ with an overwhelming innate immune system, which functions as a filter organ at the first line between the digestive tract and the rest of the body, with receiving 80% of the blood supply through portal vein. TLRs are widely expressed on parenchymal and non-parenchymal cells in the liver, which play critical roles for the liver health. Recent studies indicate that TLR-medicated signals have been involved in almost all liver diseases such as acute and chronic hepatitis, liver fibrosis and cirrhosis, alcoholic and non-alcoholic liver disease, ischemia/reperfusion liver injury, liver regeneration and hepatocellular carcinoma. In this review, the expressions of TLRs in hepatic cell populations including hepatocytes, LSECs, Kupffer cells, lymphocytes, DCs, biliary epithelial cells and HSCs, and TLR ligands and signaling in the liver are summarized. Further, recent advances in the roles of TLRs in acute liver injury and regeneration as mediator and regulator, and their potential therapeutic targets are discussed.
肝脏是具有压倒性先天免疫系统的淋巴器官，作为消化道和身体其他部位之间的第一道防线的过滤器官，通过门静脉接收 80%的血液供应。TLRs 在肝脏的实质细胞和非实质细胞上广泛表达，对肝脏健康起着关键作用。最近的研究表明，TLR 介导的信号参与了几乎所有的肝脏疾病，如急性和慢性肝炎、肝纤维化和肝硬化、酒精性和非酒精性肝病、缺血/再灌注肝损伤、肝再生和肝细胞癌。在这篇综述中，总结了 TLR 在包括肝细胞、LSECs、库普弗细胞、淋巴细胞、DCs、胆管上皮细胞和 HSCs 在内的肝细胞群体中的表达，以及 TLR 配体和信号在肝脏中的作用。此外，还讨论了 TLR 在急性肝损伤和再生中的作为介导和调节因子的作用，以及它们的潜在治疗靶点。
