Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia.
Chemosphere. 2011 Sep;84(10):1408-15. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.04.064. Epub 2011 May 23.
The stress profiles of the hemogram and serum biochemistry were determined in the context of heavy metal (Cd, Cu, Hg, Ni and Pb) exposure in the wild libyan jird, Meriones libycus, from one of Riyadh's polluted areas versus a reference site. Coupling the pronounced drop in platelets (PLT) (28%) and mean platelet volume (MPV) (17%) with the insignificant responses of other red blood cell indices, suggests bone marrow suppression that is characterized by thrombocytopenia as an initial abnormality. The species-specific stress leukogram for M. libycus is expressed by leukocytosis (66%), monocytosis (40%), lymphocytosis (23%) with eosinopenia (81%) and neutropenia (42%). Hyperglycemia (50%), hyper-low-density-lipoproteinemia (38%), hypocortisolism (85%) and hypotriglyceridemia (55%) depicted serum biochemistry profile. In polluted jirds, the elevated activities of pseudocholinesterase (PChE) and serum marker enzymes (alanine aminotransferase ALT, aspartate aminotransferase AST and creatine kinase CK) strongly suggest functional damage of the liver and/or heart. A potential role of PChE in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) metabolism is implied in the joint rise of both indices and in the recognized relationship between PChE and lipid metabolites. While increased utilization in lipid metabolism and energy synthesis could rationalize the inhibition of the normal patterns of triglycerides and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), the inhibited activities of LDH could additionally be attributed to its hormetic behavior towards low and high metal concentrations. The overall findings presented here documented the relevance of M. libycus in biomonitoring and predicting the risk imposed on human populations living in polluted areas.
在利雅得受污染地区与参考点的情况下，测定了野生利比亚沙鼠（Meriones libycus）暴露于重金属（Cd、Cu、Hg、Ni 和 Pb）时的血液学和血清生物化学应激特征。血小板（PLT）（28%）和平均血小板体积（MPV）（17%）显著下降，而其他红细胞指数无明显反应，提示骨髓抑制，其特征为血小板减少症作为初始异常。利比亚沙鼠特有的应激性白细胞图谱表现为白细胞增多症（66%）、单核细胞增多症（40%）、淋巴细胞增多症（23%），伴嗜酸性粒细胞减少症（81%）和中性粒细胞减少症（42%）。血糖升高（50%）、低高密度脂蛋白血症（38%）、皮质醇减少症（85%）和甘油三酯减少症（55%）描述了血清生物化学特征。在受污染的沙鼠中，假性胆碱酯酶（PChE）和血清标志物酶（丙氨酸氨基转移酶 ALT、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶 AST 和肌酸激酶 CK）的活性升高强烈表明肝脏和/或心脏的功能损伤。PChE 在低密度脂蛋白（LDL）代谢中的潜在作用表现在这两个指数的共同升高以及 PChE 与脂质代谢物之间的公认关系中。虽然脂质代谢和能量合成的增加可以解释甘油三酯和乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）正常模式的抑制，但 LDH 活性的抑制也可以归因于其对低浓度和高浓度金属的兴奋作用。这里提出的总体发现证明了利比亚沙鼠在生物监测和预测生活在污染地区的人群所面临的风险方面的相关性。
