School of Psychology, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom.
Emotion. 2011 Dec;11(6):1456-61. doi: 10.1037/a0022901. Epub 2011 May 23.
Emotionally expressive faces have shown enhanced detectability over neutral faces, but little is known about the effect of eye gaze on detecting the presence of emotional faces. Emotional expressions and gaze direction are both cues to the intentions of another person, and gaze direction has been shown to affect recognition accuracy and perceived intensity of emotional faces. The current study showed that fearful faces were detected more frequently with an averted gaze than with a direct gaze in an attentional blink task, whereas angry and happy faces were detected more frequently with a direct gaze than with an averted gaze. The results are in line with the shared signal hypothesis and appraisal theory and suggest that selection for awareness was based on a rapid evaluation of the intentions of another person as conveyed by their facial expression and gaze direction.
表情丰富的面孔比中性面孔更容易被察觉，但关于眼神注视对面部情绪的察觉的影响却知之甚少。情绪表达和注视方向都是他人意图的线索，并且已经证明注视方向会影响情绪面孔的识别准确性和感知强度。当前的研究表明，在注意力眨眼任务中，带有回避目光的恐惧面孔比带有直接目光的恐惧面孔更容易被察觉，而带有直接目光的愤怒面孔和高兴面孔比带有回避目光的愤怒面孔和高兴面孔更容易被察觉。结果与共享信号假说和评价理论一致，表明对意识的选择是基于对面部表情和注视方向传达的另一个人的意图的快速评估。
