Leising Kenneth J, Garlick Dennis, Blaisdell Aaron P
Department of Psychology, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, USA.
J Exp Psychol Anim Behav Process. 2011 Oct;37(4):488-94. doi: 10.1037/a0023914.
The role of generalization decrement in spatial overshadowing was evaluated using a landmark-based spatial search task in both a touchscreen preparation (Experiment 1a) and in an Automated Remote Environmental Navigation Apparatus (ARENA, Experiment 1b). A landmark appeared as a colored circle among a row of eight (touchscreen) or six (ARENA) potential locations. On overshadowing trials, Landmark X was located two positions away from a hidden goal, while another landmark, A, was in the position between X and the goal. On control trials, Landmark Y was positioned two locations away from the goal but without a closer landmark. All subjects were then tested with separate trials of A, X, Y, and BY. Testing revealed poor spatial control by X relative to A and Y, thereby replicating the spatial overshadowing effect. Spatial control by Y was similar when tested in compound with novel landmark (BY) and on trials of Y alone. Thus, overshadowing in a small-scale environment does not appear to be due to a process of generalization decrement between training and testing.
使用基于地标物的空间搜索任务，在触屏设备（实验1a）和自动远程环境导航装置（ARENA，实验1b）中评估泛化递减在空间遮蔽中的作用。一个地标物呈现为一排八个（触屏设备）或六个（ARENA）潜在位置中的一个彩色圆圈。在遮蔽试验中，地标物X位于离隐藏目标两个位置远的地方，而另一个地标物A位于X和目标之间的位置。在对照试验中，地标物Y位于离目标两个位置远的地方，但没有更近的地标物。然后，对所有受试者进行A、X、Y和BY的单独试验测试。测试显示，相对于A和Y，X的空间控制能力较差，从而复制了空间遮蔽效应。当与新地标物（BY）一起测试以及单独对Y进行试验时，Y的空间控制能力相似。因此，在小规模环境中的遮蔽现象似乎并非由于训练和测试之间的泛化递减过程所致。
