Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA.
Curr Alzheimer Res. 2011 Aug;8(5):452-69. doi: 10.2174/156720511796391908.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain is characterized by amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) deposits, neurofibrillary tangles, synapse loss, and extensive oxidative stress. Aβ-induced oxidative stress is indexed by protein oxidation, lipid peroxidation, free radical formation, DNA oxidation and neuronal cell death. Oxidative stress is combated by antioxidants. Antioxidants and nutrition have long been considered as an approach to slow down AD progression. In this review, we focus on antioxidants that have been shown to protect against Aβ-induced oxidative stress, particularly vitamin E, ferulic acid, various polyphenols, including quercetin and resveratrol, α-lipoic acid, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), and γ-glutamylcysteine ethyl ester (GCEE). Brain-accessible antioxidants with both radical scavenging properties and ability to induce protective genes are hypothesized to be helpful in treatment for AD.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）的大脑特征是淀粉样β肽（Aβ）沉积、神经原纤维缠结、突触丧失和广泛的氧化应激。Aβ诱导的氧化应激由蛋白质氧化、脂质过氧化、自由基形成、DNA 氧化和神经元细胞死亡来标记。抗氧化剂可以对抗氧化应激。抗氧化剂和营养一直被认为是减缓 AD 进展的一种方法。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了已被证明能对抗 Aβ诱导的氧化应激的抗氧化剂，特别是维生素 E、阿魏酸、各种多酚，包括槲皮素和白藜芦醇、α-硫辛酸、N-乙酰-L-半胱氨酸（NAC）、姜黄素、没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯（EGCG）和γ-谷氨酰半胱氨酸乙酯（GCEE）。具有自由基清除特性和诱导保护性基因能力的可进入大脑的抗氧化剂被认为有助于 AD 的治疗。
