Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 17100 Canakkale, Turkey.
Mol Biol Rep. 2012 Feb;39(2):1595-9. doi: 10.1007/s11033-011-0898-8. Epub 2011 May 24.
Prostate cancer is a common malignancy that develops by structural mutation(s) and/or other genetic alterations in specific genes.The G to T transversions in codon 12 and C to T transitions in codon 13 of KRAS proto-oncogene are predominant point mutations that occur in about 20% of different cancers in human. In the current study it was aimed to investigate the prevalence and predictive significance of KRAS mutations in patients with prostate carcinomas. In a total of 30 fresh tumoural tissue specimens were investigated in patients with prostate carcinoma. All tumoural specimens were histo-pathologically diagnosed and genotyped for codon 12, 13 KRAS point mutations by reverse hybridisation and direct sequencing methods. KRAS mutations were found in 12 (40%) samples with 29 samples deriving from adenocarcinomas and 1 sample was small cell prostate carcinoma. In 1 (3.44%) sample codon 12 was found to be mutated and in 2 (6.8%) samples codon 13 and in 9 (31%) samples combined codon 12 and 13 were found to be mutated particularly in higher grade of tumoural tissues. Our study, based on representative collection of human prostate tumours, indicates that combined mutations in codons 12 and 13 KRAS are relatively infrequent and most commonly occur in prostate carcinomas.
前列腺癌是一种常见的恶性肿瘤，其发生是由于特定基因的结构突变和/或其他遗传改变。KRAS 原癌基因密码子 12 中的 G 到 T 颠换和密码子 13 中的 C 到 T 转换是主要的点突变，约发生在人类 20%的不同癌症中。本研究旨在探讨 KRAS 突变在前列腺癌患者中的流行率和预测意义。共对 30 例前列腺癌患者的新鲜肿瘤组织标本进行了研究。所有肿瘤标本均经组织病理学诊断，并通过反向杂交和直接测序方法对 KRAS 密码子 12、13 点突变进行基因分型。在 12 例（40%）样本中发现 KRAS 突变，其中 29 例来源于腺癌，1 例为小细胞前列腺癌。1 例（3.44%）样本中发现密码子 12 突变，2 例（6.8%）样本中发现密码子 13 突变，9 例（31%）样本中发现密码子 12 和 13 联合突变，特别是在肿瘤组织分级较高的情况下。本研究基于对人类前列腺肿瘤的代表性采集，表明 KRAS 密码子 12 和 13 的联合突变相对较少，最常见于前列腺癌。
