Department of Biotechnology, Ming-Dao University, Changhau 523, Taiwan.
J Agric Food Chem. 2011 Jul 13;59(13):7353-9. doi: 10.1021/jf200402u. Epub 2011 Jun 3.
The main objective of this research was to study the characteristics of starch granules and their influences on in vitro and pig prececal starch digestion of corn, dehulled barley, wheat, and potato. Scanning electron microscopy was used to study the starch endosperm structure in the parent material as well as in vitro starch digestion. The results showed that corn starch granules were polyhedral, with a diameter ranging from 2 to 10 μm, whereas those of dehulled barley and wheat were spherical, with a diameter ranging from 5 to 20 μm. Potato had the largest starch granules among starch sources reported herein, with oval spheres of 10-50 μm in diameter. In vitro starch hydrolysis showed that starch granules of corn degraded faster than the starch of dehulled barley and wheat, with the potato starch being degraded the slowest. The in vivo digestibility trial using ileal-cannulated pigs confirmed the starch degradation of grains. The in vitro (x, %) and in vivo (y, %) digestibility were highly correlated [y = 6.5304x - 538.48 (R(2) = 0.9924)]. On the basis of the results, in vitro starch hydrolysis might be useful in predicting in vivo prececal starch digestibility. The digestion kinetic characteristics of different starch sources might be employed to evaluate the starch digestive rate at the pig ileum.
本研究的主要目的是研究淀粉颗粒的特性及其对玉米、裸大麦、小麦和马铃薯体外和猪回肠淀粉消化的影响。扫描电子显微镜用于研究原始材料以及体外淀粉消化过程中的淀粉胚乳结构。结果表明，玉米淀粉颗粒呈多面体形，直径为 2 至 10μm，而裸大麦和小麦的淀粉颗粒呈球形，直径为 5 至 20μm。马铃薯是本文报道的淀粉来源中淀粉颗粒最大的，直径为 10-50μm 的椭圆形球体。体外淀粉水解表明，玉米淀粉颗粒的降解速度快于裸大麦和小麦的淀粉，而马铃薯淀粉的降解速度最慢。用回肠可结扎猪进行的体内消化率试验证实了谷物淀粉的降解。体外（x，%）和体内（y，%）消化率高度相关[y=6.5304x-538.48（R²=0.9924)]。基于这些结果，体外淀粉水解可能有助于预测体内回肠淀粉消化率。不同淀粉源的消化动力学特性可用于评估猪回肠的淀粉消化率。
