Centre for the Built Environment and Health, School of Population Health, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
Prev Med. 2011 Jul-Aug;53(1-2):57-60. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.05.004. Epub 2011 May 17.
To examine the individual, behavioral, social and built environment correlates of body mass index (BMI) in an Australian adult population.
Using data from 2003 to 2005 on 1151 participants in the RESIDential Environments project (RESIDE), Perth, Western Australia, linear regression was used to construct multivariate models to examine the variance in BMI explained by significant socio-demographic, environmental and health behavior variables. Both self-report and GIS-derived measures of the built environment were examined.
Age, gender, hours of work, total physical activity, sedentary leisure time and dietary fat were all associated with BMI (p≤0.05). BMI was not associated with any objective measures of the built environment or social capital, social cohesion or dog ownership but was independently associated with one perceived environment measure (perceived safety from crime). Overall, 3.3% of the variance in BMI was explained by socio-demographic factors, a further 2.7% by health behaviors and a further 1.5% by perceived environment factors.
Whilst evidence mounts of built environment correlates to physical activity, the demonstrated translation of these effects on BMI remain more elusive. Nevertheless, built environment factors that constrain physical activity warrant further exploration.
在澳大利亚成年人中，研究个体、行为、社会和建筑环境与体重指数（BMI）的相关性。
利用西澳大利亚州珀斯的 RESIDential Environments 项目（RESIDE）2003 年至 2005 年期间的 1151 名参与者的数据，采用线性回归方法构建多元模型，以研究 BMI 与显著的社会人口学、环境和健康行为变量的差异。同时考察了自我报告和 GIS 衍生的建筑环境测量。
年龄、性别、工作时间、总体力活动、久坐休闲时间和膳食脂肪均与 BMI 相关（p≤0.05）。BMI 与建筑环境或社会资本、社会凝聚力或养狗的任何客观测量均无关联，但与一个感知环境测量（感知犯罪安全）独立相关。总体而言，社会人口学因素解释了 BMI 差异的 3.3%，健康行为进一步解释了 2.7%，感知环境因素进一步解释了 1.5%。
尽管有越来越多的证据表明建筑环境与身体活动有关，但这些影响在 BMI 上的转化仍然更加难以捉摸。尽管如此，限制身体活动的建筑环境因素仍值得进一步探讨。
