Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Cracow, Poland.
Cell Mol Biol Lett. 2011 Sep;16(3):412-30. doi: 10.2478/s11658-011-0015-y. Epub 2011 May 25.
Published data concerning the effects of hypertonicity on cell motility have often been controversial. The interpretation of results often rests on the premise that cell responses result from cell dehydration, i.e. osmotic effects. The results of induced hypertonicity on cell movement of Dictyostelium discoideum amoebae and human melanoma HTB-140 cells reported here show that: i) hypertonic solutions of identical osmolarity will either inhibit or stimulate cell movement depending on specific solutes (Na(+) or K(+), sorbitol or saccharose); ii) inhibition of cell motility by hypertonic solutions containing Na(+) ions or carbohydrates can be reversed by the addition of calcium ions; iii) various cell types react differently to the same solutions, and iv) cells can adapt to hypertonic solutions. Various hypertonic solutions are now broadly used in medicine and to study modulation of gene expression. The observations reported suggest the need to examine whether the other responses of cells to hypertonicity can also be based on the solute-dependent cell responses besides cell dehydration due to the osmotic effects.
有关高渗性对细胞迁移影响的已有数据往往存在争议。结果的解释通常基于这样一个前提，即细胞反应是由细胞脱水引起的，也就是渗透效应。本文报告了膨胀诱导对变形虫和人黑色素瘤 HTB-140 细胞运动的影响，结果表明：i）渗透压相同的高渗溶液会根据特定溶质（Na+或 K+、山梨醇或蔗糖）抑制或刺激细胞运动；ii）含有 Na+离子或碳水化合物的高渗溶液抑制细胞运动，可以通过添加钙离子逆转；iii）不同的细胞类型对相同的溶液有不同的反应；iv）细胞可以适应高渗溶液。各种高渗溶液目前在医学中广泛使用，并用于研究基因表达的调节。所报告的观察结果表明，有必要检查细胞对高渗性的其他反应是否也可以基于溶质依赖性细胞反应，而不仅仅是由于渗透效应引起的细胞脱水。
