Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
Plant Signal Behav. 2011 Jun;6(6):870-2. doi: 10.4161/psb.6.6.15241. Epub 2011 Jun 1.
Peroxisomes are eukaryotic organelles highly versatile and dynamic in content and abundance. Plant peroxisomes mediate various metabolic pathways, a number of which are completed sequentially in peroxisomes and other subcellular organelles, including mitochondria and chloroplasts. To understand how peroxisomal dynamics contribute to changes in plant physiology and adaptation, the multiplication pathways of peroxisomes are being dissected. Research in Arabidopsis thaliana has identified several evolutionarily conserved families of proteins in peroxisome division. These include five PEROXIN11 proteins (PEX11a to -e) that induce peroxisome elongation, and the fission machinery, which is composed of three dynamin-related proteins (DRP3A, -3B, and -5B) and DRP's membrane receptor, FISSION1 (FIS1A and -1B). While the function of PEX11 is restricted to peroxisomes, the fission factors are more promiscuous. DRP3 and FIS1 proteins are shared between peroxisomes and mitochondria, and DRP5B plays a dual role in the division of chloroplasts and peroxisomes. Analysis of the Arabidopsis genome suggests that higher plants may also contain functional homologs of the yeast Mdv1/Caf4 proteins, adaptor proteins that link DRPs to FIS1 on the membrane of both peroxisomes and mitochondria. Sharing a conserved fission machine between these metabolically linked subcellular compartments throughout evolution may have some biological significance.
过氧化物酶体是真核细胞器，在内容和丰度上具有高度的多功能性和动态性。植物过氧化物酶体介导各种代谢途径，其中许多途径在过氧化物酶体和其他亚细胞细胞器（包括线粒体和叶绿体）中依次完成。为了了解过氧化物酶体的动态如何促进植物生理学和适应性的变化，正在剖析过氧化物酶体的增殖途径。对拟南芥的研究已经确定了过氧化物酶体分裂中几个进化上保守的蛋白家族。这些蛋白包括五个 PEROXIN11 蛋白（PEX11a 到 -e），它们诱导过氧化物酶体伸长，以及分裂机制，该机制由三个与 dynamin 相关的蛋白（DRP3A、-3B 和 -5B）和 DRP 的膜受体 FISSION1（FIS1A 和 -1B）组成。虽然 PEX11 的功能仅限于过氧化物酶体，但分裂因子的作用更为广泛。DRP3 和 FIS1 蛋白在过氧化物酶体和线粒体之间共享，DRP5B 在叶绿体和过氧化物酶体的分裂中发挥双重作用。对拟南芥基因组的分析表明，高等植物可能还含有酵母 Mdv1/Caf4 蛋白的功能同源物，这些衔接蛋白将 DRP 与过氧化物酶体和线粒体膜上的 FIS1 连接起来。在整个进化过程中，在这些代谢相关的亚细胞隔室之间共享一个保守的分裂机器可能具有一些生物学意义。
