IRCCS Galeazzi and University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Clin Chem Lab Med. 2011 Sep;49(9):1417-21. doi: 10.1515/CCLM.2011.633. Epub 2011 May 28.
The Athlete's Biological Passport (ABP) is an evaluation of hematological parameters, hemoglobin (Hb), reticulocytes (Ret), and their combination in the OFF-score. Recently, the Court of Arbitration for Sport accepted it as a suitable indirect method for detecting blood doping. There are various topics which are not defined and scientifically completely explained in ABP, limiting its effectiveness as evidence and as suspect of blood manipulation. The data source the ABP used for designing a profile is unclear. The variance used for cyclists is not correct. The covariables which should be calculated together with the measures of Hb and Ret are not always considered in the statistical program. The pre-analytical warnings for correct and valid collection, transport, and storage of the specimens are not assured. Quality control of the instruments is not completely assured. Analytical variability is not appropriately considered in the program. The seasonal changes of the hematological parameters, due to training and competitions, are not calculated. Statistical analysis, based on a Bayesian-like program, not available to the scientific community, does not follow the classical decision-making approach of medicine and science. The ABP needs of additional evidences and of scientific debate.
运动员生物护照（ABP）是对血液学参数、血红蛋白（Hb）、网织红细胞（Ret）及其在 OFF 评分中的组合进行的评估。最近，体育仲裁法庭将其接受为检测血液兴奋剂的一种合适的间接方法。ABP 中存在许多尚未定义和科学完全解释的主题，限制了其作为证据和作为血液操纵嫌疑的有效性。ABP 用于设计特征曲线的数据来源不清楚。用于自行车运动员的方差不正确。与 Hb 和 Ret 的测量值一起计算的协变量并不总是在统计程序中考虑。用于正确和有效收集、运输和储存标本的分析前警告不能保证。仪器的质量控制不能完全保证。程序中没有适当考虑分析可变性。由于训练和比赛，血液学参数的季节性变化没有计算在内。基于类似于贝叶斯的程序的统计分析，科学界无法获得，不符合医学和科学的经典决策方法。ABP 需要更多的证据和科学辩论。
