Chernov Vladislav M, Chernova Olga A, Mouzykantov Alexey A, Efimova Irina R, Shaymardanova Gulnara F, Medvedeva Elena S, Trushin Maxim V
Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan, Russian Federation.
ScientificWorldJournal. 2011 May 26;11:1120-30. doi: 10.1100/tsw.2011.109.
Extracellular vesicle production is believed to be a ubiquitous process in bacteria, but the data on such a process in Mollicutes are absent. We report the isolation of ultramicroforms - extracellular vesicles from supernatants of Acholeplasma laidlawii PG8 (ubiquitous mycoplasma; the main contaminant of cell culture). Considering sizes, morphology, and ultrastructural organization, the ultramicroforms of A. laidlawii PG8 are similar to membrane vesicles of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. We demonstrate that A. laidlawii PG8 vesicles contain genetic material and proteins, and are mutagenic to lymphocytes of human peripheral blood. We show that Mycoplasma gallisepticum S6, the other mycoplasma, also produce similar structures, which suggests that shedding of the vesicles might be the common phenomenon in Mollicutes. We found that the action of stress conditions results in the intensive formation of ultramicroforms in mycoplasmas. The role of vesicular formation in mycoplasmas remains to be studied.
细胞外囊泡的产生被认为是细菌中普遍存在的过程，但关于支原体中这一过程的数据却不存在。我们报告了从莱氏无胆甾原体PG8（普遍存在的支原体；细胞培养的主要污染物）的上清液中分离出超微形态——细胞外囊泡。考虑到大小、形态和超微结构组织，莱氏无胆甾原体PG8的超微形态与革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌的膜囊泡相似。我们证明莱氏无胆甾原体PG8囊泡含有遗传物质和蛋白质，并且对人外周血淋巴细胞具有致突变性。我们表明，另一种支原体——鸡毒支原体S6也产生类似结构，这表明囊泡脱落可能是支原体中的常见现象。我们发现应激条件的作用会导致支原体中大量形成超微形态。支原体中囊泡形成的作用仍有待研究。
