Schwechheimer Carmen, Kuehn Meta J
Department of Biochemistry, Box 3711, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.
Nat Rev Microbiol. 2015 Oct;13(10):605-19. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro3525.
Outer-membrane vesicles (OMVs) are spherical buds of the outer membrane filled with periplasmic content and are commonly produced by Gram-negative bacteria. The production of OMVs allows bacteria to interact with their environment, and OMVs have been found to mediate diverse functions, including promoting pathogenesis, enabling bacterial survival during stress conditions and regulating microbial interactions within bacterial communities. Additionally, because of this functional versatility, researchers have begun to explore OMVs as a platform for bioengineering applications. In this Review, we discuss recent advances in the study of OMVs, focusing on new insights into the mechanisms of biogenesis and the functions of these vesicles.
外膜囊泡（OMVs）是充满周质内容物的外膜球形芽体，通常由革兰氏阴性菌产生。OMVs的产生使细菌能够与周围环境相互作用，并且已发现OMVs可介导多种功能，包括促进发病机制、使细菌在应激条件下存活以及调节细菌群落内的微生物相互作用。此外，由于这种功能的多样性，研究人员已开始探索将OMVs作为生物工程应用的平台。在本综述中，我们讨论了OMVs研究的最新进展，重点关注对这些囊泡生物发生机制和功能的新见解。
