Silton Nava R, Flannelly Kevin J, Milstein Glen, Vaaler Margaret L
Department of Psychology, Marymount Manhattan College, New York, NY 10022, USA.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 2011 Jun;199(6):361-6. doi: 10.1097/NMD.0b013e31821cd112.
Data from the 1996 and 2006 General Social Survey were analyzed to examine the relationship between the desire for social distance from individuals with mental illness and a number of factors that were thought to contribute to it, including perceptions of mental illness and dangerousness. Random samples of participants were assigned to one of four experimental conditions, in which they were read a vignette describing a character who presented with alcoholism, depression, schizophrenia, or minor problems. The desire for social distance from characters whose presenting problems were alcoholism or depression was significantly lower in 2006 than in 1996. The participants' perceptions that the character was mentally ill and/or dangerous to others partially mediated the association between presenting problem and social distance. Participants who were younger, white, better educated, and attended religious services more often required less social distance from the vignette characters than did their counterparts.
对1996年和2006年综合社会调查的数据进行了分析，以研究与患有精神疾病的个体保持社会距离的意愿与一些被认为导致这种意愿的因素之间的关系，这些因素包括对精神疾病的认知和危险性。参与者的随机样本被分配到四个实验条件之一，在这些条件下，他们会阅读一个描述患有酗酒、抑郁症、精神分裂症或轻微问题的角色的 vignette（短文）。2006年，与表现出酗酒或抑郁问题的角色保持社会距离的意愿明显低于1996年。参与者认为角色患有精神疾病和/或对他人有危险的认知部分地介导了表现出的问题与社会距离之间的关联。与同龄人相比，年龄较小、白人、受教育程度较高且更经常参加宗教仪式的参与者对 vignette 角色所需的社会距离更小。
