Science Institute, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Chem Phys Lipids. 2011 Jul;164(5):315-40. doi: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2011.04.010. Epub 2011 May 8.
The naturally occurring 1-O-alkyl-sn-glycerols and their methoxylated congeners, 1-O-(2'-methoxyalkyl)-sn-glycerols, are biologically active compounds, ubiquitously found in nature as diacyl glyceryl ether lipids and phosphoether lipids. The chief objective of this article is to provide a comprehensive and up to date review on such ether lipids. The occurrence and distribution of these compounds in nature are extensively reviewed, their chemical structure and molecular variety, their biosynthesis and chemical synthesis and, finally, their various biological effects are described and discussed. An unprecedented biosynthesis of the 2'-methoxylated alkylglycerols is proposed. The first synthesis of enantiopure (Z)-(2'R)-1-O-(2'-methoxyhexadec-4'-enyl)-sn-glycerol, the most prevalent 2'-methoxylated type alkylglycerol present in cartilaginous fish, is described. It was accomplished by a highly convergent five step process.
天然存在的 1-O-烷基-sn-甘油和它们的甲氧基化同系物，1-O-(2'-甲氧基烷基)-sn-甘油，是具有生物活性的化合物，作为二酰基甘油醚脂质和磷酸醚脂质广泛存在于自然界中。本文的主要目的是提供关于此类醚脂质的全面和最新的综述。广泛综述了这些化合物在自然界中的存在和分布，描述和讨论了它们的化学结构和分子多样性、生物合成和化学合成以及它们的各种生物学效应。提出了一种前所未有的 2'-甲氧基化烷基甘油的生物合成方法。描述了最常见的 2'-甲氧基化烷基甘油——软骨鱼类中存在的（Z）-（2'R）-1-O-(2'-甲氧基十六-4'-烯基）-sn-甘油的对映纯（Z）-（2'R）-1-O-(2'-甲氧基十六-4'-烯基）-sn-甘油的首次全合成。该合成通过高度收敛的五步反应完成。
