MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2011 Jun 3;60(21):694-9.
Although men who have sex with men (MSM) comprise an estimated 2% of the overall U.S. population aged≥13 years (1), 59% of persons with diagnoses of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in the United States in 2009 were MSM, including MSM who inject drugs (2). CDC recommends HIV testing at least annually for sexually active MSM to identify HIV infections and prevent ongoing transmission (3). Results of HIV testing conducted as part of the National HIV Behavioral Surveillance System (NHBS) in 21 cities indicated that 19% of MSM who were tested in 2008 were HIV-positive; of these, 44% were unaware that they were infected (4). To assess whether MSM were tested as recommended and whether more frequent testing might be indicated, CDC analyzed NHBS data for 2008. This report describes the results of that analysis, which indicated that, of 7,271 MSM interviewed and tested who did not report a previous positive HIV test, 61% had been tested for HIV infection during the past 12 months; among these, 7% had a new, positive HIV test result when tested as part of NHBS. Given the high prevalence of new HIV infection among MSM who had been tested during the past year, sexually active MSM might benefit from more frequent HIV testing (e.g., every 3 to 6 months).
尽管男男性行为者（MSM）约占美国≥13 岁总人口的 2%（1），但 2009 年美国诊断为人免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染的人群中，59%为 MSM，包括注射吸毒的 MSM（2）。美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）建议对有性行为的 MSM 至少每年进行一次 HIV 检测，以发现 HIV 感染并防止持续传播（3）。作为国家 HIV 行为监测系统（NHBS）的一部分进行的 HIV 检测结果表明，2008 年接受检测的 MSM 中有 19%呈 HIV 阳性；其中，44%不知道自己已被感染（4）。为了评估 MSM 是否按建议进行了检测，以及是否需要更频繁的检测，CDC 对 2008 年 NHBS 的数据进行了分析。本报告描述了这项分析的结果，结果表明，在 7271 名未报告既往 HIV 阳性检测结果且接受访谈和检测的 MSM 中，有 61%在过去 12 个月内接受过 HIV 感染检测；其中，7%在作为 NHBS 一部分接受检测时出现新的、阳性的 HIV 检测结果。鉴于过去一年接受过检测的 MSM 中新感染 HIV 的比例较高，有性行为的 MSM 可能受益于更频繁的 HIV 检测（例如，每 3 至 6 个月一次）。
