Department of Zoology, The Natural History Museum, SW75BD, London, England, United Kingdom.
Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2011 Sep;154(3):196-203. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2011.05.007. Epub 2011 May 30.
Few studies link biochemical, cellular and whole animal effects of toxic compounds with growth and reproductive output on invertebrate model organisms. Thus, we explore the effects of xenoestrogens on nereid worms. Larvae of Platynereis dumerilii exposed to estradiol (E(2)) ethynylestradiol (EE(2)) and nonyplhenol (NP) observing the effects on growth, primordial germ cell (PGC) proliferation and maturation. In addition, a single exposure study was performed with a 50 days latency period on adult worms of Nereis succinea. Since reduced glutathione (GSH) is required in detoxification of NP and is the precursor of the spawning pheromone nereithione (CSSG) in N. succinea, we analysed how the estrogenic chemical NP affects GSH concentrations. PGC were not affected by exposure to E(2) and EE(2) from 24hpf to 6 days. Chronic exposure of P. dumerilii with NP over the full life cycle did not influence segment proliferation. Mature females that developed, even at high concentrations, were able to spawn and successful fertilization occurred. However, at high NP levels no P. dumerilii males matured. A significant decline of GSH can be seen in N. succinea males upon treatment with NP, but not in females, indicating that females stabilize GSH levels even in stress situations. This study shows some results that link the foundation to causally integrate toxic exposure to xenoestrogens with development, growth and reproductive outputs in nereidid polychaetes.
很少有研究将有毒化合物的生化、细胞和整体动物效应与无脊椎动物模式生物的生长和生殖产出联系起来。因此，我们研究了外源性雌激素对沙蚕的影响。用雌二醇（E(2)）、乙炔雌二醇（EE(2)）和壬基酚（NP）处理扁形半目沙蚕（Platynereis dumerilii）幼虫，观察它们对生长、原始生殖细胞（PGC）增殖和成熟的影响。此外，还对成年沙蚕（Nereis succinea）进行了为期 50 天潜伏期的单次暴露研究。由于谷胱甘肽（GSH）是 NP 解毒所必需的，并且是沙蚕生殖信息素（CSSG）的前体，我们分析了雌激素化学物质 NP 如何影响 GSH 浓度。从 24hpf 到 6 天，暴露于 E(2)和 EE(2)的 PGC 没有受到影响。在整个生命周期中，NP 对扁形半目沙蚕的慢性暴露并没有影响节段增殖。即使在高浓度下，发育成熟的雌性沙蚕仍然能够产卵，并且受精成功。然而，在高 NP 水平下，没有成熟的扁形半目沙蚕雄性。NP 处理可导致沙蚕雄性 GSH 显著下降，但对雌性没有影响，表明雌性即使在应激情况下也能稳定 GSH 水平。这项研究显示了一些结果，将有毒化合物暴露与发育、生长和生殖产出联系起来，这在沙蚕多毛纲动物中是因果关系。
