[An infant with 5 weeks of fever of unknown origin and a reasonably good clinical condition; leishmaniasis].

In a Dutch infant, aged 10 months, with fever of unknown origin for 5 weeks and a relatively good clinical condition splenomegaly was present. Visceral leishmaniasis was diagnosed. The parasite is found in (sub)tropical regions and had in this case been acquired in Southern Spain. Epidemiology, clinical symptoms, diagnostic procedures and therapy are discussed.