Burbelo Peter D, Ching Kathryn H, Bren Kathleen E, Iadarola Michael J
Neurobiology and Pain Therapeutics Section, Laboratory of Sensory Biology, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Am J Transl Res. 2011 May 15;3(3):251-8. Epub 2011 Apr 8.
Although it is well-established that cancer is driven by genetic mutations resulting in the acquisition of onco-genes and the loss of tumor suppressors, until recently many of the genomic details remained obscure. As a result of recent high-throughput DNA sequencing, basic insights into the spectrum of protein coding mutations in many cancers are now known. These findings provide an unprecedented framework of understanding and present new avenues for diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of cancer. In this article we discuss several high impact areas of global sequencing projects including developing drugs that specifically target cancer cells, creating personalized tools for better treatment and monitoring, and developing pre-symptomatic diagnostic tests. Capitalizing on these and other advances represent a new turning point in the war on cancer.
虽然人们已经充分认识到癌症是由基因突变驱动的，这些突变导致癌基因的获得和肿瘤抑制因子的丧失，但直到最近，许多基因组细节仍不清楚。由于最近的高通量DNA测序，现在已经了解了许多癌症中蛋白质编码突变谱的基本情况。这些发现提供了一个前所未有的理解框架，并为癌症的诊断、治疗和预防开辟了新途径。在本文中，我们讨论了全球测序项目的几个高影响力领域，包括开发专门针对癌细胞的药物、创建用于更好治疗和监测的个性化工具，以及开发症状前诊断测试。利用这些及其他进展代表了抗癌战争的一个新转折点。
