School of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Energy and Environmental System Engineering, University of Seoul, 90 Jeonnong-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-743, Republic of Korea.
Chemosphere. 2011 Sep;84(10):1356-61. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.05.010. Epub 2011 Jun 11.
In this study, the effect of organophosphorous (OP) pesticide, fenitrothion (FT), on the non-target organism was investigated using the soil nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans. Toxicity was investigated on multiple biological levels, from organism to molecular levels, such as, immoblity, growth, fertility, development, acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) activity and stress-response gene expressions. FT may provoke serious consequences on the C. elegans population, as it induced significant developmental disturbance. As expected, FT exposure inhibits AChE activity of C. elegans. The increased expression of the cytochrome p450 family protein 35A2 (cyp35a2) gene was also observed in FT exposed worms. To experimentally demonstrate the relationships between organism-level effects and the cyp35a2 gene expression in FT-exposed C. elegans, the integration of the gene expression with biochemical-, and organism level endpoints were attempted using a C. elegans cyp35a2 RNA interference (RNAi) and cyp35a2 mutant (gk317). The 24 h-EC50s of C. elegans on FT exposure were in the order of cyp35a2 RNAi in cyp35a2 mutant (gk317)>cyp35a2 mutant (gk317)>cyp35a2 RNAi in wildtype (N2)>wildtype (N2). The higher EC50 values of cyp35a2 RNAi and cyp35a2 mutant (gk317) compared to that of wildtype C. elegans strongly supported that cyp35a2 gene plays an important role in the toxicity of FT towards C. elegans. The experiments with cyp35a2 RNAi also indicated that the development disturbance and decreased AChE activity, which were observed in FT exposed wildtype C. elegans were significantly rescued in the cyp35a2 RNAi C. elegans. Overall results suggest that the cyp35a2 may be an important gene for exerting FT toxicity in C. elegans.
在这项研究中，使用土壤线虫秀丽隐杆线虫研究了有机磷（OP）农药杀螟松（FT）对非靶标生物的影响。从生物体到分子水平，如不动性、生长、繁殖、发育、乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）活性和应激反应基因表达，研究了毒性。FT 可能会对秀丽隐杆线虫种群造成严重后果，因为它会导致明显的发育障碍。正如预期的那样，FT 暴露会抑制秀丽隐杆线虫的 AChE 活性。还观察到 FT 暴露的蠕虫中细胞色素 P450 家族蛋白 35A2（cyp35a2）基因的表达增加。为了实验证明生物体水平效应与 FT 暴露的秀丽隐杆线虫中 cyp35a2 基因表达之间的关系，尝试将基因表达与生化和生物体水平终点相结合，使用秀丽隐杆线虫 cyp35a2 RNA 干扰（RNAi）和 cyp35a2 突变体（gk317）。秀丽隐杆线虫暴露于 FT 的 24 h-EC50 顺序为 cyp35a2 RNAi 在 cyp35a2 突变体（gk317）>cyp35a2 突变体（gk317）>cyp35a2 RNAi 在野生型（N2）>野生型（N2）。与野生型秀丽隐杆线虫相比，cyp35a2 RNAi 和 cyp35a2 突变体（gk317）的更高 EC50 值强烈支持 cyp35a2 基因在 FT 对秀丽隐杆线虫的毒性中发挥重要作用。cyp35a2 RNAi 的实验还表明，在 FT 暴露的野生型秀丽隐杆线虫中观察到的发育障碍和 AChE 活性降低在 cyp35a2 RNAi 秀丽隐杆线虫中得到了显著挽救。总体结果表明，cyp35a2 可能是秀丽隐杆线虫中发挥 FT 毒性的重要基因。
