Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
Waste Manag. 2011 Sep-Oct;31(9-10):1934-42. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2011.05.004. Epub 2011 Jun 11.
A comprehensive experimental setup with six single-family home composting units was monitored during 1 year. The composting units were fed with 2.6-3.5 kg organic household waste (OHW) per unit per week. All relevant consumptions and emissions of environmental relevance were addressed and a full life-cycle inventory (LCI) was established for the six home composting units. No water, electricity or fuel was used during composting, so the major environmental burdens were gaseous emissions to air and emissions via leachate. The loss of carbon (C) during composting was 63-77% in the six composting units. The carbon dioxide (CO(2)) and methane (CH(4)) emissions made up 51-95% and 0.3-3.9% respectively of the lost C. The total loss of nitrogen (N) during composting was 51-68% and the nitrous oxide (N(2)O) made up 2.8-6.3% of this loss. The NH(3) losses were very uncertain but small. The amount of leachate was 130 L Mg(-1) wet waste (ww) and the composition was similar to other leachate compositions from home composting (and centralised composting) reported in literature. The loss of heavy metals via leachate was negligible and the loss of C and N via leachate was very low (0.3-0.6% of the total loss of C and 1.3-3.0% of the total emitted N). Also the compost composition was within the typical ranges reported previously for home composting. The level of heavy metals in the compost produced was below all threshold values and the compost was thus suitable for use in private gardens.
建立了一个由六个独立家庭堆肥单元组成的综合实验装置，并对其进行了为期一年的监测。每个堆肥单元每周进料 2.6-3.5 公斤有机家庭废物（OHW）。所有相关的环境消耗和排放都得到了处理，并为六个家庭堆肥单元建立了完整的生命周期清单（LCI）。堆肥过程中不使用水、电或燃料，因此主要的环境负担是气态排放到空气中和通过渗滤液排放。六个堆肥单元中，碳（C）的损失量为 63-77%。二氧化碳（CO(2)）和甲烷（CH(4)）排放量分别占损失 C 的 51-95%和 0.3-3.9%。堆肥过程中氮（N）的总损失量为 51-68%，氧化亚氮（N(2)O）占这一损失的 2.8-6.3%。NH(3)损失量非常不确定但很小。渗滤液的量为 130 L Mg(-1)湿废物（ww），其组成与文献中报道的其他家庭堆肥（和集中堆肥）的渗滤液组成相似。通过渗滤液损失的重金属可以忽略不计，通过渗滤液损失的 C 和 N 也非常低（占总损失 C 的 0.3-0.6%和总排放 N 的 1.3-3.0%）。此外，堆肥的组成也在家庭堆肥之前报道的典型范围内。堆肥中重金属的含量低于所有阈值，因此堆肥适合在私人花园中使用。
