未戴头盔和未投保的 ATV 驾驶员和乘客的负担。

The burden of unhelmeted and uninsured ATV drivers and passengers.

机构信息

Surgery Education, Trauma, and Office of Research Departments, Iowa Methodist Medical Center, Des Moines, Iowa.

出版信息

Traffic Inj Prev. 2011 Jun;12(3):251-5. doi: 10.1080/15389588.2011.561455.

DOI:10.1080/15389588.2011.561455

PMID:21660891

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

Injured all-terrain vehicle (ATV) riders contribute to the national trauma burden. The importance of helmet use on injury severity and outcomes in ATV drivers versus passengers that receive care is unknown along with the association of payor status and helmet use in this population. An investigation of whether helmet use protects ATV drivers and passengers resulting in less severe injuries, better outcomes, and a lower cost burden to society is to be conducted.

METHODS

A retrospective review of injured ATV riders in the National Trauma Data Bank from the United States for 2000-2004.

RESULTS

Helmet use status was recorded for 5897 drivers and 836 passengers; 83 percent of drivers were male; 41 percent of passengers were female. Helmets were not widely worn (35% of drivers, 19% of passengers, p < .0001) and were less common among female than male drivers who crashed and received care (26% versus 37%, p < .0001). Drivers were older than passengers (p < .0001) and had more thorax, spine, and upper extremity injuries (p < .05). Helmets protected drivers and passengers: decreased head injuries, face injuries, injury severity, and mortality with increased likelihood of being discharged home rather than elsewhere (p < .0001). Personal insurance was more frequent in helmeted riders: 66 percent versus 55 percent of helmeted versus nonhelmeted drivers (p < .0001) and 69 percent versus 55 percent of helmeted versus nonhelmeted passengers (p = .03).

CONCLUSIONS

Helmets are frequently not worn by ATV riders. Helmets protect ATV drivers and passengers and decrease societal costs associated with ATV crashes.

摘要

目的

受伤的全地形车（ATV）骑手是国家创伤负担的一部分。在接受治疗的 ATV 驾驶员和乘客中，头盔使用对伤害严重程度和结果的重要性尚不清楚，以及在这一人群中，付款人身份和头盔使用之间的关联。需要调查头盔的使用是否能保护 ATV 驾驶员和乘客，使他们受到的伤害不那么严重，结果更好，并且对社会的成本负担更低。

方法

对美国国家创伤数据库中 2000-2004 年受伤的 ATV 骑手进行回顾性研究。

结果

记录了 5897 名驾驶员和 836 名乘客的头盔使用情况；83%的驾驶员为男性；41%的乘客为女性。头盔的佩戴率不高（35%的驾驶员，19%的乘客，p<0.0001），而且在发生事故并接受治疗的女性驾驶员中比男性驾驶员更为少见（26%对 37%，p<0.0001）。驾驶员比乘客年龄更大（p<0.0001），胸部、脊柱和上肢受伤更多（p<0.05）。头盔保护了驾驶员和乘客：减少了头部、面部受伤、伤害严重程度和死亡率，增加了在家而不是其他地方出院的可能性（p<0.0001）。有个人保险的头盔佩戴者更常见：66%的头盔佩戴者对 55%的非头盔佩戴者驾驶员（p<0.0001）和 69%的头盔佩戴者对 55%的非头盔佩戴者乘客（p=0.03）。