Laboratory of Behavioural Neurobiology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Schorenstrasse 16, 8603 Schwerzenbach, Switzerland.
Brain Behav Immun. 2011 Nov;25(8):1507-18. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2011.05.014. Epub 2011 May 31.
A great deal of interest has been centered upon activated inflammatory processes in schizophrenia and their contribution to disease-relevant brain and behavioral impairment. In contrast, the role of anti-inflammatory signaling has attracted somewhat less attention in this context. The present article focuses on the emerging role of anti-inflammatory signaling in schizophrenia and discusses the potential influence of altered anti-inflammatory activity on progressive inflammatory processes, physical and metabolic functions, and treatment effects related to the use of conventional antipsychotic drugs and immunomodulatory agents in the pharmacotherapy of schizophrenia. By reviewing existing evidence, it appears that enhanced anti-inflammatory activity has many faces in schizophrenia: On the one hand, it may effectively limit potentially harmful inflammatory processes and may contribute to the improvement of psychopathological symptoms, especially when the anti-inflammatory system is boosted at early stages of the disease. On the other hand, enhanced anti-inflammatory activity may render affected individuals more susceptible to distinct physiological abnormalities such as cardiovascular disease, and may further impede the resistance to specific infectious agents. Therefore, an enhancement of anti-inflammatory signaling in schizophrenia might not simply be said to be either advantageous or disadvantageous, but rather should be interpreted and dealt with in a context-dependent manner. Increased awareness of the multiple roles of anti-inflammatory signaling may readily help to reduce additional health burdens in schizophrenia, and at the same time, may provide opportunities to further explore the benefits associated with anti-inflammatory strategies in the symptomatological and/or preventive treatment of this disorder.
人们对精神分裂症中激活的炎症过程及其对与疾病相关的大脑和行为损伤的贡献产生了浓厚的兴趣。相比之下，在这种情况下，抗炎信号的作用引起的关注要少一些。本文重点介绍了抗炎信号在精神分裂症中的新作用，并讨论了抗炎活性改变对进行性炎症过程、身体和代谢功能以及与使用传统抗精神病药物和免疫调节药物治疗相关的治疗效果的潜在影响，这些药物是精神分裂症的药理学治疗方法。通过回顾现有证据，似乎增强的抗炎活性在精神分裂症中有多种表现：一方面，它可以有效限制潜在的有害炎症过程，并有助于改善精神病理学症状，尤其是在疾病早期增强抗炎系统时。另一方面，增强的抗炎活性可能使受影响的个体更容易受到特定的生理异常的影响，例如心血管疾病，并且可能进一步阻碍对特定传染性病原体的抵抗力。因此，不能简单地说精神分裂症中抗炎信号的增强要么有利要么不利，而应根据具体情况进行解释和处理。提高对抗炎信号多种作用的认识，可能有助于减轻精神分裂症患者的额外健康负担，同时也为进一步探索抗炎策略在该疾病的症状和/或预防治疗中的益处提供了机会。
