Regulation of atrial natriuretic peptide receptors in glomeruli during chronic salt loading.

The effects of chronic salt loading on atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) receptor density and affinity were studied in isolated renal glomeruli of male Sprague-Dawley rats, which received 0.9% saline as drinking fluid (NaCl-rats) and a normal rat chow diet for 35 days (N = 12). Animals on a low sodium intake received the same diet, but deionized water and served as controls (C) (N = 12). After 35 days blood pressure was only slightly increased to 136 +/- 9 in NaCl-rats versus 120 +/- 2 mm Hg in C (NS). Glomerular filtration rate, plasma cGMP and plasma ANP remained unaltered. Determination of total ANP receptor characteristics in these rats indicated a significant down-regulation of ANP receptors in salt loaded rats. Since ANP-stimulated cGMP formation was not affected by salt loading, the roles of clearance (C) and of biologically active (B) receptors were further evaluated at 21 degrees C on freshly isolated and acid washed (pH 5) glomeruli in seven animals after 35 days of salt loading and in seven animals on a low sodium intake. B-receptors were assessed by blocking C-receptors with 4-23 cANP. C-receptor numbers were lower in NaCl-rats (97 +/- 8 vs. 184 +/- 14 fmol/mg protein in C; N = 7; P less than 0.02), while C-receptor affinity was increased (Kd: 12 +/- 3 pM in NaCl-rats vs. 22 +/- 5 pM in C; P less than 0.02).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)