Medical Faculty, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, Serbia.
Br Med Bull. 2011;99:155-68. doi: 10.1093/bmb/ldr027. Epub 2011 Jun 13.
Stem cells are cells with the ability to grow and differentiate into more than 200 cell types.
We review here the characteristics and potential of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and adult stem cells (ASCs).
The differentiation ability of all stem cell types could be stimulated to obtain specialized cells that represent renewable sources of functional cells useful for cell-based therapy.
The proof of functional differentiated cells needs to be investigated in more detail using both in vitro and in vivo assays including animal disease models and clinical studies.
Much progress has been made in the ASCs-based therapies. Meanwhile hESCs and iPSCs have dramatically emerged as novel approaches to understand pathogenesis of different diseases.
A number of new strategies become very important in regenerative medicine. However, we discuss the limitations of stem cells and latest development in the reprogramming research.
干细胞是具有生长和分化为 200 多种细胞类型的能力的细胞。
我们在此回顾了人类胚胎干细胞（hESC）、诱导多能干细胞（iPSC）和成人干细胞（ASC）的特征和潜力。
所有干细胞类型的分化能力都可以被刺激，以获得专门的细胞，这些细胞是基于细胞治疗的可再生功能细胞的来源。
需要使用体外和体内检测，包括动物疾病模型和临床研究，更详细地证明功能性分化细胞。
基于 ASC 的治疗已经取得了很大的进展。同时，hESC 和 iPSC 作为一种了解不同疾病发病机制的新方法也已经出现。
许多新的策略在再生医学中变得非常重要。然而，我们讨论了干细胞的局限性和最新的重编程研究进展。
