Butler Susan G, Stuart Andrew, Case L Douglas, Rees Catherine, Vitolins Mara, Kritchevsky Stephen B
Department of Otolaryngology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2011 May;120(5):288-95. doi: 10.1177/000348941112000502.
The type of liquid (eg, water or milk) that should be used during flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) has received little investigation. Aspiration may vary as a function of the thin liquid type used during FEES.
We measured the effects of liquid type (water, skim milk, 2% milk, and whole milk; all dyed with green food coloring), delivery method (cup and straw), and bolus volume (5, 10, 15, and 20 mL) on Penetration-Aspiration Scale (PAS) scores in 14 healthy older adults (mean, 75 years; range, 69 to 85 years). Each participant generated 32 swallows.
The PAS scores differed significantly by liquid type (p = 0.003) and by bolus volume (p = 0.017), but not by delivery method (p = 0.442). The PAS scores were significantly greater for 2% milk and whole milk than for skim milk and water (p < 0.05), and for 20 mL versus smaller volumes. Penetration and aspiration were observed on 113 (25%) and 15 (3%) of 448 swallows, respectively.
These findings suggest that both milk and water should be used during FEES for an accurate assessment of aspiration status.
在吞咽功能的软性内镜评估（FEES）过程中应使用的液体类型（如水或牛奶）鲜有研究。误吸情况可能因FEES期间使用的稀液体类型而异。
我们测量了液体类型（水、脱脂牛奶、2%牛奶和全脂牛奶；均用绿色食用色素染色）、输送方式（杯子和吸管）和团块体积（5、10、15和20毫升）对14名健康老年人（平均75岁；范围69至85岁）的渗透-误吸量表（PAS）评分的影响。每位参与者进行了32次吞咽。
PAS评分在液体类型（p = 0.003）和团块体积（p = 0.017）方面存在显著差异，但在输送方式方面无显著差异（p = 0.442）。2%牛奶和全脂牛奶的PAS评分显著高于脱脂牛奶和水（p < 0.05），20毫升时的评分高于较小体积时。在448次吞咽中，分别有113次（25%）出现渗透，15次（3%）出现误吸。
这些发现表明，在FEES期间应同时使用牛奶和水，以准确评估误吸状态。
