Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
J Am Acad Dermatol. 2011 Jul;65(1):1-12; quiz 13-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2010.08.038.
Calcinosis cutis is characterized by the deposition of insoluble calcium salts in the skin and subcutaneous tissue. The syndrome is separated into five subtypes: dystrophic calcification, metastatic calcification, idiopathic calcification, iatrogenic calcification, and calciphylaxis. Dystrophic calcification appears as a result of local tissue damage with normal calcium and phosphate levels in serum. Metastatic calcification is characterized by an abnormal calcium and/or phosphate metabolism, leading to the precipitation of calcium in cutaneous and subcutaneous tissue. Idiopathic calcification occurs without any underlying tissue damage or metabolic disorder. Skin calcification in iatrogenic calcinosis cutis is a side effect of therapy. Calciphylaxis presents with small vessel calcification mainly affecting blood vessels of the dermis or subcutaneous fat. Disturbances in calcium and phosphate metabolism and hyperparathyroidism can be observed.
皮肤钙化病的特征是不溶性钙盐在皮肤和皮下组织中的沉积。该综合征分为五个亚型：营养不良性钙化、转移性钙化、特发性钙化、医源性钙化和钙化防御。营养不良性钙化是由于局部组织损伤，血清中钙和磷水平正常所致。转移性钙化的特征是钙和/或磷代谢异常，导致钙在皮肤和皮下组织中沉淀。特发性钙化发生在没有任何潜在组织损伤或代谢紊乱的情况下。医源性钙化病的皮肤钙化是治疗的副作用。钙化防御表现为小血管钙化，主要影响真皮或皮下脂肪的血管。可观察到钙和磷代谢紊乱和甲状旁腺功能亢进。
