Department of Cell and Organism Biology, Vision Group, Lund University, Helgonavägen 3, S-22362 Lund, Sweden.
Integr Comp Biol. 2003 Aug;43(4):571-9. doi: 10.1093/icb/43.4.571.
Diurnal and nocturnal hawkmoths (Sphingidae, Lepidoptera) have three spectral types of receptor sensitive to ultraviolet, blue and green light. As avid flower visitors and pollinators, they use olfactory and visual cues to find and recognise flowers. Moths of the diurnal species Macroglossum stellatarum and the nocturnal species Deilephila elpenor, Hyles lineata and Hyles gallii use and learn the colour of flowers. Nocturnal species can discriminate flowers at starlight intensities when humans and honeybees are colour-blind. M. stellatarum can use achromatic, intensity-related cues if colour cues are absent, and this is probably also true for D. elpenor. Both species can recognise colours even under a changed illumination colour.
昼行性和夜行性天蛾（天蛾科，鳞翅目）有三种对紫外线、蓝光和绿光敏感的光谱受体类型。作为热衷访花和传粉的昆虫，它们利用嗅觉和视觉线索来寻找和识别花朵。昼行性物种大蚕蛾（Macroglossum stellatarum）和夜行性物种苎麻珍蝶（Deilephila elpenor）、波绿尺蛾（Hyles lineata）和桑天牛（Hyles gallii）利用并学习花朵的颜色。在人类和蜜蜂辨色力丧失的星光下，夜行性物种能够识别花朵。如果没有颜色线索，大蚕蛾可以利用非彩色的、与强度相关的线索，苎麻珍蝶可能也是如此。这两个物种甚至可以在光照颜色发生变化的情况下识别颜色。
