UCL Epidemiology and Public Health, London, UK.
Am J Public Health. 2011 Aug;101(8):1365-9. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300140. Epub 2011 Jun 16.
Conditional cash transfer schemes, which use cash to incentivize uptake of basic health and educational services, are well established among social planners inlow- and middle-income countries and are now taking hold in high-income countries. We appraised these schemes within a social determinants framework and found some encouraging signs in their first decade of operation. Success, however, has been inconsistent, and it is unclear whether conditional cash transfer schemes can reliably secure meaningful improvements in participants' health and nutritional status or educational attainment. Conditional cash transfer schemes' objectives will not be met unless they are transformed in 3 ways: transferring power as well as resources, emphasizing entitlements alongside conditionality, and avoiding the trap of incoherent or residualized policy.
有条件现金转移计划通过提供现金激励，鼓励人们接受基本的医疗和教育服务，在中低收入国家的社会规划者中已经得到广泛应用，现在也在高收入国家得到了应用。我们在社会决定因素框架内对这些计划进行了评估，并在其实施的第一个十年中发现了一些令人鼓舞的迹象。然而，成功并不稳定，目前还不清楚有条件现金转移计划是否能够可靠地确保参与者的健康和营养状况或教育程度得到有意义的改善。除非有条件现金转移计划在三个方面发生转变，否则其目标将无法实现：不仅要转移资源，还要转移权力；既要强调条件性，也要强调应享权利；避免政策不一致或剩余化的陷阱。
