Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey.
J Affect Disord. 2011 Nov;134(1-3):168-76. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2011.05.041. Epub 2011 Jun 17.
In Turkey, studies of childhood depression have been limited to those using only scales.
This is a two-stage cross-sectional epidemiological study. Three schools in Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey were selected by cluster sampling. The study included 1482 students between the fourth and eighth grades. The Child Depression Inventory (CDI) was used for screening in the first stage. According to test results, 320 children were interviewed using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version. Depressive disorders were diagnosed in 62 students, constituting the case group. The control group was matched to the case group on school, grade, age, gender, and socioeconomic status (SES).
The prevalence rate was 4.2% for some form of depressive disorder, 1.55% for major depressive disorder, 1.75% for dysthymic disorder, 0.26% for double depression, and 0.60% for depressive disorder-not otherwise specified. According to the logistic regression analysis, increasing age, having a working mother and low maternal education were all positively associated with CDI score. Low SES, perception of paternal health and relations with father as negatively, low popularity and behavior subscales of the Piers-Harris self-concept scale, and high trait anxiety were associated with the presence of a depressive disorder.
Parents were not included in the diagnostic interviews.
Dysthymic disorder was the most common depressive disorder. Low maternal education, low SES, dysfunctional interaction with the father, anxiety, and low self-esteem, which were all associated with depression, may be the target of interventions for prevention and treatment of depression.
在土耳其，儿童抑郁症的研究仅限于使用量表的研究。
这是一项两阶段的横断面流行病学研究。在土耳其伊斯坦布尔的法提赫，通过聚类抽样选择了三所学校。该研究包括四至八年级的 1482 名学生。在第一阶段使用儿童抑郁量表（CDI）进行筛查。根据测试结果，使用儿童心境障碍和精神分裂症谱系障碍访谈表-学校版和现病史版对 320 名儿童进行访谈。在 62 名儿童中诊断出抑郁症，构成病例组。对照组根据学校、年级、年龄、性别和社会经济状况（SES）与病例组相匹配。
某种形式的抑郁症患病率为 4.2%，重度抑郁症为 1.55%，心境恶劣障碍为 1.75%，双重抑郁症为 0.26%，未特指的抑郁症为 0.60%。根据逻辑回归分析，年龄增长、有工作的母亲和母亲受教育程度低均与 CDI 评分呈正相关。低 SES、对父亲健康的感知以及与父亲的关系呈负相关、皮尔斯-哈里斯自我概念量表的受欢迎程度和行为分量表较低以及特质焦虑与抑郁障碍的存在相关。
父母未纳入诊断访谈。
心境恶劣障碍是最常见的抑郁症。低母亲教育、低 SES、与父亲功能失调的互动、焦虑和低自尊，这些都与抑郁有关，可能是预防和治疗抑郁症的干预目标。
