生活方式因素对男性癌症死亡率的综合影响。
Combined impact of lifestyle factors on cancer mortality in men.
机构信息
Exercise and Wellness Program, Healthy Lifestyles Research Center, Arizona State University, Mesa, AZ 85212, USA.
出版信息
Ann Epidemiol. 2011 Oct;21(10):749-54. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2011.04.010. Epub 2011 Jun 16.
PURPOSE
The impact of lifestyle factors on cancer mortality in the U.S. population has not been thoroughly explored. We examined the combined effects of cardiorespiratory fitness, never smoking, and normal waist girth on total cancer mortality in men.
METHODS
We followed a total of 24,731 men ages 20-82 years who participated in the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study. A low-risk profile was defined as never smoking, moderate or high fitness, and normal waist girth, and they were further categorized as having 0, 1, 2, or 3 combined low-risk factors.
RESULTS
Over an average of 14.5 years of follow-up, there were a total of 384 cancer deaths. After adjustment for age, examination year, and multiple risk factors, men who were physically fit, never smoked, and had a normal waist girth had a 62% lower risk of total cancer mortality (95% confidence interval [CI], 45%-73%) compared with men with no low-risk factors. Men with all 3 low-risk factors had a 12-year (95% CI, 8.6-14.6) longer life expectancy compared with men with no low-risk factors. Approximately 37% (95% CI, 17%-52%) of total cancer deaths might have been avoided if the men had maintained all 3 low-risk factors.
CONCLUSIONS
Being physically fit, never smoking, and maintaining a normal waist girth is associated with lower risk of total cancer mortality in men.
目的
生活方式因素对美国人群癌症死亡率的影响尚未得到充分探讨。我们研究了心肺健康水平、从不吸烟和正常腰围这三个因素对男性总癌症死亡率的综合影响。
方法
我们共随访了 24731 名年龄在 20-82 岁的男性，他们均参加了有氧运动中心纵向研究。低风险特征定义为从不吸烟、中等或较高的健康水平以及正常的腰围，并且进一步分为具有 0、1、2 或 3 个综合低风险因素的类别。
结果
在平均 14.5 年的随访期间，共有 384 例癌症死亡。经过年龄、检查年份和多种危险因素调整后，心肺健康、从不吸烟且腰围正常的男性与没有低风险因素的男性相比，总癌症死亡率降低了 62%（95%置信区间[CI]，45%-73%）。具有所有 3 个低风险因素的男性比没有低风险因素的男性预期寿命延长了 12 年（95%CI，8.6-14.6）。如果男性保持所有 3 个低风险因素，大约 37%（95%CI，17%-52%）的总癌症死亡可能会被避免。
结论
在男性中，保持身体健康、不吸烟和保持正常腰围与总癌症死亡率降低相关。
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