Lukman Hera, Kiat John E, Ganesan Asha, Chua Wei Ling, Khor Kheng Leik, Choong Yee Fong
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Behavioural Sciences, HELP University College, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
J AAPOS. 2011 Jun;15(3):238-40. doi: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2011.01.158. Epub 2011 Jun 16.
To investigate children's willingness to sit next to a child with noticeable exotropia as a measure of social alienation.
This was a cross-sectional, mixed-design study. Children in primary grades 3-6 (8-12 years old) were asked to view 8 digitally modified images of exotropic or orthotropic children in classroom settings and rate their willingness to sit next to the child in each image.
A total of 157 children participated. A 4 × 2 × 2 mixed-design analysis of variance revealed a significant main effect for primary level (F [3, 151] = 4.06, P = .01, partial η(2) = .08) and for image type, exotropic versus orthotropic, (F [1, 151] = 108.45, P = .00, partial η(2) = .42). The results of the main effects were qualified by a significant primary level X image type interaction (F [3, 151] = 4.00, P = .01, partial η(2) = .08). Children were less willing to sit next to a person with noticeable exotropia. Although this phenomenon was consistent across all primary levels, the magnitude of the effect diminished in strength for children in higher primary levels.
This study further strengthens existing evidence for strabismus-related prejudice that suggests that children with noticeable strabismus may be subjected to social alienation by other children.
调查儿童是否愿意坐在明显外斜视儿童旁边，以此作为社会疏离的一种衡量方式。
这是一项横断面混合设计研究。要求小学三至六年级（8至12岁）的儿童观看8张在教室场景中经数字修改的外斜视或正视儿童的图像，并对他们愿意坐在每张图像中儿童旁边的意愿进行评分。
共有157名儿童参与。一项4×2×2混合设计方差分析显示，小学年级存在显著主效应（F [3, 151] = 4.06，P = .01，偏η² = .08），图像类型（外斜视与正视）也存在显著主效应（F [1, 151] = 108.45，P = .00，偏η² = .42）。主效应的结果因小学年级与图像类型的显著交互作用而变得复杂（F [3, 151] = 4.00，P = .01，偏η² = .08）。儿童不太愿意坐在有明显外斜视的人旁边。尽管这种现象在所有小学年级中都存在，但对于高年级儿童来说，这种影响的程度有所减弱。
本研究进一步强化了现有关于斜视相关偏见的证据，表明有明显斜视的儿童可能会受到其他儿童的社会疏离。
