Olitsky S E, Sudesh S, Graziano A, Hamblen J, Brooks S E, Shaha S H
Department of Ophthalmology, State University of New York at Buffalo, USA.
J AAPOS. 1999 Aug;3(4):209-11. doi: 10.1016/s1091-8531(99)70004-2.
The goal in the treatment of strabismus is to realign the visual axes to eliminate diplopia, produce or restore binocular vision, expand the binocular visual field, and/or provide a normal appearance. The treatment of strabismus in adults who do not experience diplopia or who do not have binocular potential has sometimes been regarded as "cosmetic." Many adults with strabismus have stated that it has had a negative effect on their lives. This study was designed to ascertain whether there is a negative social bias against adult patients with strabismus that could affect interpersonal relationships and limit employment opportunities.
An orthotropic person was photographed in primary, right, and left gaze. These photographs were then digitally altered to produce an esotropia and exotropia of similar magnitude. Subjects were then asked to evaluate a single photograph with reference to personality characteristics that are important for social interaction and employment capability.
Overall, the strabismic faces were judged significantly more negatively, across 11 descriptive characteristics, than the nonstrabismic face. The effect of esotropia was worse than exotropia.
Strabismus creates a significant negative social prejudice. These biases can have a detrimental impact on socialization and employability. Treatment of strabismus may positively alter perceived characteristics of individuals and improve their ability to socialize normally and obtain employment. Therefore, the treatment of strabismus should not be considered cosmetic even when there is no hope of improving binocular vision.
斜视治疗的目标是使视轴重新对齐，以消除复视，产生或恢复双眼视觉，扩大双眼视野，和/或呈现正常外观。对于无复视或无双眼视觉潜能的成年人，斜视治疗有时被视为“美容”治疗。许多斜视成年人表示，斜视对他们的生活产生了负面影响。本研究旨在确定是否存在针对成年斜视患者的负面社会偏见，这种偏见可能影响人际关系并限制就业机会。
对一名正视者在第一眼位、右侧注视和左侧注视时进行拍照。然后对这些照片进行数字处理，以产生相似程度的内斜视和外斜视。随后要求受试者根据对社交互动和就业能力重要的人格特征来评估单张照片。
总体而言，在11项描述性特征方面，斜视面容的负面评价显著高于非斜视面容。内斜视的影响比外斜视更严重。
斜视会造成显著的负面社会偏见。这些偏见可能对社交和就业能力产生不利影响。斜视治疗可能会积极改变人们对个体的认知特征，并提高他们正常社交和就业的能力。因此，即使改善双眼视觉无望，斜视治疗也不应被视为美容治疗。
