Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am. 2011 Jul;20(3):447-65. doi: 10.1016/j.chc.2011.03.004.
Bullying is an abuse of power and control that can cause significant harm to individuals. School systems have the difficult task of trying to police this behavior to maintain a safe learning environment for their students. Although there may be an identified bully, the ramifications of the behavior affect the system as a whole. Bullies, targeted victims, and bystanders play an integral role in ameliorating this problem. A change of culture within the school system is often the best, yet often the most difficult, intervention. In addition, cyberbullying has become a powerful avenue for bullying, resulting in significant morbidity within schools.
欺凌是一种滥用权力和控制的行为,会对个人造成重大伤害。学校系统肩负着监管这种行为的艰巨任务,以维持学生安全的学习环境。尽管可能有一个被认定的欺凌者,但这种行为的后果会影响整个系统。欺凌者、目标受害者和旁观者在改善这一问题方面发挥着重要作用。学校系统内部文化的改变通常是最好的干预方式,但往往也是最困难的。此外,网络欺凌已成为欺凌的有力途径,在学校中导致了严重的发病率。