Am J Bot. 1998 Jul;85(7):1022.
Two different mechanisms can result in multiple paternity within fruits: deposition of a mixed pollen load due to carryover of pollen from flower to flower and multiple pollinator visits in close succession. I investigated the extent of multiple paternity within fruits of Ipompsis aggregata containing from 2 to 14 seeds. A paternity analysis based on ten polymorphic isozyme markers revealed multiple paternity in a minimum of 68% (based on simple paternity exclusion) and up to 100% (based on identification of the most likely father) of the multiseeded fruits. The estimated number of fathers increased with the number of seeds in a fruit, with an average of four sires, and up to nine sires, represented in a single fruit. To explore whether this level of multiple paternity could be explained solely by simultaneous deposition of a mixed pollen load, I constructed a computer simulation model based on previous measurements of movement patterns and pollen carryover by the hummingbird pollinators. Model predictions provided a good match to observed values for number of sires per fruit. Thus, the extensive pollen carryover in this species and consequent mixed pollen loads can explain the high levels of multiple paternity in natural populations.
一是由于花粉从一朵花转移到另一朵花，导致花粉混合沉积；二是连续出现多个传粉者。本研究调查了具有 2 到 14 颗种子的聚合陵牙藤果实中的多父本程度。基于 10 个多态同工酶标记的亲权分析表明，在至少 68%（基于简单的亲权排除）和高达 100%（基于最可能父亲的鉴定）的多种子果实中存在多父本现象。估计的父亲数量随果实中种子数量的增加而增加，平均有 4 个父本，在单个果实中最多有 9 个父本。为了探究这种多父本现象是否仅能通过混合花粉沉积来解释，我根据蜂鸟传粉者的运动模式和花粉转移的先前测量结果，构建了一个计算机模拟模型。模型预测与观察到的每果父本数量非常吻合。因此，该物种中广泛的花粉转移和随之而来的花粉混合沉积可以解释自然种群中多父本现象的高发生率。
