Nagawa Shingo, Xu Tongda, Yang Zhenbiao
Center for Plant Cell Biology; Department of Botany and Plant Sciences; University of California; Riverside, CA USA.
Small GTPases. 2010 Sep;1(2):78-88. doi: 10.4161/sgtp.1.2.14544.
Plants possess a single subfamily of Rho GTPases, ROP, which does usual things as do Rho-family GTPases in animal and fungal systems, namely participating in the spatial control of cellular processes by signaling to the cytoskeleton and vesicular trafficking. As one would expect, ROPs are modulated by conserved regulators such as DHR2-type GEFs, RhoGAPs and Rho GDIs. What is surprising is that plants have invented new regulators such as PRONE-type GEFs (known as RopGEFs) and effectors such as RICs and ICRs/RIPs in the regulation of the cytoskeleton and vesicular trafficking. This review will discuss recent work on characterizing ROP regulators and effectors as well as addressing why and how a mixture of conserved and novel Rho signaling mechanisms is utilized to modulate fundamental cellular processes such as cytoskeletal dynamics/reorganization and vesicular trafficking.
植物拥有一个单一的Rho GTP酶亚家族，即ROP，它的功能与动物和真菌系统中的Rho家族GTP酶类似，也就是通过向细胞骨架和囊泡运输发出信号来参与细胞过程的空间控制。正如人们所预期的那样，ROP受到保守调节因子的调控，如DHR2型鸟嘌呤核苷酸交换因子（GEF）、RhoGAP和Rho GDP解离抑制因子（Rho GDI）。令人惊讶的是，植物在细胞骨架和囊泡运输的调节中发明了新的调节因子，如PRONE型GEF（称为RopGEF）以及效应蛋白，如RIC和ICR/RIP。本综述将讨论近期关于ROP调节因子和效应蛋白特性的研究工作，以及探讨为何以及如何利用保守和新颖的Rho信号机制的混合体来调节诸如细胞骨架动力学/重组和囊泡运输等基本细胞过程。
