Cañete R, Rivas D E, Escobedo A A, González M E, Almirall P, Brito K
Cuban Institute of Gastroenterology, Havana City, Cuba.
West Indian Med J. 2010 Dec;59(6):607-11.
Giardia duodenalis is among the commonest protozoan parasites in the intestinal tract of humans and may cause significant morbidity worldwide. Although there are several antigiardial agents, treatment failures have been commonly reported.
To compare the efficacy and safety of chloroquine (CQ) versus metronidazole (MTZ) in the treatment of children with confirmed G duodenalis mono-infection.
A randomized, controlled, open-label trial was carried out at the Cuban Institute of Gastroenterology. One hundred and twenty-two children were randomly assigned to receive either CQ (10 mg/Kg bodyweight twice a day for five days) or MTZ [15 mg/Kg bodyweight divided in three daily does for five days]. All children were asked to provide three faecal samples on days 3, 5 and 7 after treatment completion. Children were considered to be cured, if no Giardia trophozoites or cysts were found in any of the three post-treatment faecal specimens evaluated by direct wet mounts and/or after Ritchie concentration techniques.
The frequency of cure was a little higher for CQ than for MTZ but the difference was not statistically significant. Headache was more common in patients treated with CQ as was bitter taste. Yellowish colouration of the urine was more frequent in the MTZ treated group.
Chloroquine, for five days, is as efficacious as the recommended treatment with MTZ in children infected with G duodenalis.
十二指肠贾第虫是人类肠道中最常见的原生动物寄生虫之一，在全球范围内可能导致严重发病。尽管有几种抗贾第虫药物，但治疗失败的情况屡见不鲜。
比较氯喹（CQ）与甲硝唑（MTZ）治疗确诊为十二指肠贾第虫单一感染儿童的疗效和安全性。
在古巴胃肠病学研究所进行了一项随机、对照、开放标签试验。122名儿童被随机分配接受CQ（10mg/kg体重，每日两次，共五天）或MTZ[15mg/kg体重，分三次服用，共五天]。所有儿童在治疗结束后第3、5和7天被要求提供三份粪便样本。如果通过直接湿片检查和/或Ritchie浓缩技术评估的三份治疗后粪便标本中均未发现贾第虫滋养体或包囊，则认为儿童已治愈。
CQ的治愈率略高于MTZ，但差异无统计学意义。CQ治疗的患者头痛和口苦更为常见。MTZ治疗组尿液发黄更为频繁。
对于感染十二指肠贾第虫的儿童，氯喹治疗五天与推荐的MTZ治疗疗效相同。
