PARC, Information Sciences and Technologies Laboratory.
Cogn Sci. 2005 May 6;29(3):343-73. doi: 10.1207/s15516709cog0000_20.
This article describes rational analyses and cognitive models of Web users developed within information foraging theory. This is done by following the rational analysis methodology of (a) characterizing the problems posed by the environment, (b) developing rational analyses of behavioral solutions to those problems, and (c) developing cognitive models that approach the realization of those solutions. Navigation choice is modeled as a random utility model that uses spreading activation mechanisms that link proximal cues (information scent) that occur in Web browsers to internal user goals. Web-site leaving is modeled as an ongoing assessment by the Web user of the expected benefits of continuing at a Web site as opposed to going elsewhere. These cost-benefit assessments are also based on spreading activation models of information scent. Evaluations include a computational model of Web user behavior called Scent-Based Navigation and Information Foraging in the ACT Architecture, and the Law of Surfing, which characterizes the empirical distribution of the length of paths of visitors at a Web site.
本文描述了信息觅食理论中针对网络用户的理性分析和认知模型。这是通过以下方法实现的：（a）描述环境所提出的问题；（b）针对这些问题制定理性的行为解决方案分析；（c）开发接近实现这些解决方案的认知模型。导航选择被建模为一个随机效用模型，该模型使用扩散激活机制将在 Web 浏览器中出现的近端线索（信息气味）与内部用户目标联系起来。网站离开被建模为网络用户对继续在网站上而不是去其他地方的预期收益的持续评估。这些成本效益评估也基于信息气味的扩散激活模型。评估包括一个称为基于气味的导航和 ACT 架构中的信息觅食的网络用户行为计算模型，以及冲浪定律，它描述了网站访问者路径长度的经验分布。
