Haskins Laboratories and University of Connecticut.
Cogn Sci. 2005 Sep 10;29(5):737-67. doi: 10.1207/s15516709cog0000_34.
The emergence of human communication systems is typically investigated via 2 approaches with complementary strengths and weaknesses: naturalistic studies and computer simulations. This study was conducted with a method that combines these approaches. Pairs of participants played video games requiring communication. Members of a pair were physically separated but exchanged graphic signals through a medium that prevented the use of standard symbols (e.g., letters). Communication systems emerged and developed rapidly during the games, integrating the use of explicit signs with information implicitly available to players and silent behavior-coordinating procedures. The systems that emerged suggest 3 conclusions: (a) signs originate from different mappings; (b) sign systems develop parsimoniously; (c) sign forms are perceptually distinct, easy to produce, and tolerant to variations.
人类通讯系统的出现通常通过两种方法进行研究，这两种方法各有优缺点：自然主义研究和计算机模拟。本研究采用了一种结合这两种方法的方法。参与者两两一组玩需要交流的视频游戏。一组的成员在物理上是分开的，但通过一种阻止使用标准符号（例如字母）的媒介交换图形信号。在游戏过程中，通讯系统迅速出现并发展，将对玩家隐含可用信息的显式符号与无声的行为协调程序结合起来使用。出现的系统得出了 3 个结论：（a）符号来源于不同的映射；（b）符号系统简约地发展；（c）符号形式在感知上是不同的，易于产生，并且对变化具有容忍性。
