Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
J Sleep Res. 2012 Feb;21(1):68-72. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2869.2011.00934.x. Epub 2011 Jun 27.
Depression is characterized by sleep difficulties, but the extent to which subjective and objective sleep disturbances precede depression are unclear. This study was designed to examine perceptions of sleep quality in addition to actigraphy- and diary-measured sleep variables in healthy girls at low and high familial risk for major depressive disorder. Forty-four healthy daughters and their mothers completed a week of daily sleep diary and actigraphy; 24 girls had mothers with no history of psychopathology (low risk, mean age 14.92 years), and 20 girls had mothers with recurrent depression during the daughter's lifetime (high risk, mean age 14.12 years). All daughters had no current or past psychopathology. High-risk girls reported significantly poorer subjective sleep quality than did low-risk girls (P = 0.001). The two groups of participants did not differ in actigraphy- or diary-measured sleep duration, onset latency or snooze duration. Healthy girls at high familial risk for depression report poorer sleep quality than do girls at low risk for depression, despite the absence of group differences in objective sleep disturbances as measured by actigraphy or daily diary. This pattern of findings may reflect a broader cognitive or physiological phenotype of risk for depression.
抑郁的特征是睡眠困难，但主观和客观睡眠障碍在抑郁之前出现的程度尚不清楚。本研究旨在除了通过活动记录仪和日记测量的睡眠变量之外，还检查健康女孩中抑郁障碍家族低风险和高风险者的睡眠质量感知。44 名健康女孩及其母亲完成了一周的日常睡眠日记和活动记录仪记录；24 名女孩的母亲没有精神病史（低风险，平均年龄 14.92 岁），20 名女孩的母亲在女儿的一生中反复出现抑郁（高风险，平均年龄 14.12 岁）。所有女孩均无当前或过去的精神病理学。高风险组女孩报告的主观睡眠质量明显比低风险组差（P = 0.001）。两组参与者在活动记录仪或日记测量的睡眠持续时间、起始潜伏期或小睡持续时间方面没有差异。尽管通过活动记录仪或日常日记测量，高抑郁家族风险的健康女孩与低抑郁风险的女孩在客观睡眠障碍方面没有差异，但高抑郁家族风险的女孩报告的睡眠质量较差。这种发现模式可能反映了抑郁风险的更广泛的认知或生理表型。
