Cátedra de Virología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina; ANPCyT, Argentina.
Infect Genet Evol. 2011 Oct;11(7):1631-7. doi: 10.1016/j.meegid.2011.06.005. Epub 2011 Jun 15.
Noroviruses (NoVs) are among the most common viral agents that cause gastroenteritis in humans of all ages worldwide. They are excreted in the feces and introduced into environmental waters as raw or treated sewage. In this work, sewage and water samples collected from the Suquía River in the city of Córdoba, Argentina, were evaluated for the presence of NoV. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the main genotype detected was GII.4, belonging to the widely-distributed 2006b variant, followed by strains related to the putative recombinant GII.g virus. Detected NoVs were more phylogenetically related with recent viruses from other countries than with previous local sequences, suggesting a rapid and wide spread of viral strains that prevents a geographically structured phylogeny. A Bayesian coalescent analysis demonstrated that variants isolated in this work have a most recent common ancestor placed in 2007-2008 with estimated substitution rates of 3.7-5.8×10(-3)s/s/y. Environmental samples showed a mixture of both viral types, pointing up to the co-circulation and the risk of mixed infections and recombination. This is the first report on the detection and characterization of NoV in sewage and river water in Argentina.
诺如病毒（NoV）是全球各年龄段人群中引起胃肠炎的最常见病毒之一。它们存在于粪便中，并随着未经处理或处理过的污水被排放到环境水中。在这项工作中，对来自阿根廷科尔多瓦市苏基亚河的污水和水样进行了诺如病毒检测。系统进化分析表明，主要检测到的基因型是 GII.4，属于广泛分布的 2006b 变体，其次是与假定的重组 GII.g 病毒有关的毒株。检测到的诺如病毒与其他国家的近期病毒在系统进化上的关系更为密切，而与以前的本地序列的关系则不密切，这表明病毒株的快速广泛传播阻止了地理结构的系统进化。贝叶斯聚合法分析表明，本研究中分离的变异株最近的共同祖先出现在 2007-2008 年，估计取代率为 3.7-5.8×10(-3)s/s/y。环境样本显示出两种病毒类型的混合物，表明存在混合感染和重组的风险。这是阿根廷首次报道在污水和河水中检测到诺如病毒。
