Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, 505 NW 185 Avenue, Beaverton, Portland, OR 97006, USA.
Neuroscience. 2011 Sep 8;190:177-83. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.06.020. Epub 2011 Jun 14.
Little is known on the role of neuronal structures for spatial navigation. Our goal was to examine how Parkinson's disease (PD) and cerebellar ataxia, as human lesion models of the basal ganglia and cerebellum, affect spatial navigation round a circular walking path, blindfolded. Twelve subjects with idiopathic PD (ON and OFF medication), eight subjects with cerebellar ataxia and a control group of 20 age-matched healthy subjects participated. All groups performed well when walking around the circle with eyes open. In the eyes-closed condition, control subjects overshot the outlined trajectory but returned to their initial position, thus walking a further distance with eyes closed than with eyes open. When OFF medication, PD subjects navigated a larger radius than controls with eyes closed. When ON levodopa, PD subjects walked a similar distance as controls but with even larger errors in endpoint. Surprisingly, cerebellar patients navigated the circular walking task in the eyes closed condition with even more accuracy (i.e. following the outlined circle) than control and PD subjects. We conclude that blindfolded navigation around a previously seen circle requires intact basal ganglia, but not cerebellar input.
对于神经元结构在空间导航中的作用知之甚少。我们的目标是研究帕金森病（PD）和小脑共济失调作为基底神经节和小脑的人类病变模型如何影响在圆形行走路径上的盲走。12 名特发性 PD 患者（药物治疗 ON 和 OFF 期）、8 名小脑共济失调患者和 20 名年龄匹配的健康对照组参加了研究。所有组在睁眼时在圆形周围行走时表现良好。在闭眼状态下，对照组会超出所画轨迹，但会返回初始位置，因此闭眼行走的距离比睁眼行走的距离长。当药物治疗 OFF 时，PD 患者的闭眼半径大于对照组。当药物治疗 ON 时，PD 患者的行走距离与对照组相似，但终点的误差更大。令人惊讶的是，小脑共济失调患者在闭眼状态下进行圆形行走任务的准确性更高（即沿着所画的圆圈），甚至比对照组和 PD 患者更好。我们得出结论，在之前看到的圆形周围蒙住眼睛进行导航需要完整的基底神经节，但不需要小脑输入。
