Ceballos Shannon J, Heyer Wolf-Dietrich
Department of Microbiology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616-8665, USA.
Biochim Biophys Acta. 2011 Sep;1809(9):509-23. doi: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2011.06.006. Epub 2011 Jun 16.
Homologous recombination is a central pathway to maintain genomic stability and is involved in the repair of DNA damage and replication fork support, as well as accurate chromosome segregation during meiosis. Rad54 is a dsDNA-dependent ATPase of the Snf2/Swi2 family of SF2 helicases, although Rad54 lacks classical helicase activity and cannot carry out the strand displacement reactions typical for DNA helicases. Rad54 is a potent and processive motor protein that translocates on dsDNA, potentially executing several functions in recombinational DNA repair. Rad54 acts in concert with Rad51, the central protein of recombination that performs the key reactions of homology search and DNA strand invasion. Here, we will review the role of the Rad54 protein in homologous recombination with an emphasis on mechanistic studies with the yeast and human enzymes. We will discuss how these results relate to in vivo functions of Rad54 during homologous recombination in somatic cells and during meiosis. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Snf2/Swi2 ATPase structure and function.
同源重组是维持基因组稳定性的核心途径，参与DNA损伤修复和复制叉支持，以及减数分裂过程中准确的染色体分离。Rad54是SF2解旋酶的Snf2/Swi2家族的一种双链DNA依赖性ATP酶，尽管Rad54缺乏经典的解旋酶活性，不能进行DNA解旋酶典型的链置换反应。Rad54是一种强大的持续性运动蛋白，可在双链DNA上移位，可能在重组DNA修复中执行多种功能。Rad54与Rad51协同作用，Rad51是重组的核心蛋白，执行同源性搜索和DNA链入侵的关键反应。在这里，我们将综述Rad54蛋白在同源重组中的作用，重点是对酵母和人类酶的机制研究。我们将讨论这些结果如何与Rad54在体细胞同源重组和减数分裂过程中的体内功能相关。本文是名为：Snf2/Swi2 ATP酶结构与功能的特刊的一部分。
