Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA.
Water Res. 2011 Aug;45(14):4279-86. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2011.06.002. Epub 2011 Jun 12.
There is increasing interest in decentralization of wastewater collection and treatment systems. However, there have been no systematic studies of the performance of small treatment facilities compared with larger plants. A statistical analysis of 4 years of discharge monthly report (DMR) data from 210 operating wastewater treatment facilities was conducted to determine the effect of average flow rate and capacity utilization on effluent biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total suspended solids (TSS), ammonia, and fecal coliforms relative to permitted values. Relationships were quantified using generalized linear models (GLMs). Small facilities (40 m³/d) had violation rates greater than 10 times that of the largest facilities (400,000 m³/d) for BOD, TSS, and ammonia. For facilities with average flows less than 40,000 m³/d, increasing capacity utilization was correlated with increased effluent levels of BOD and TSS. Larger facilities tended to operate at flows closer to their design capacity while maintaining treatment suggesting greater efficiency.
人们对废水收集和处理系统的分散化越来越感兴趣。然而，与大型工厂相比，对于小型处理设施的性能，还没有进行过系统的研究。对 210 个运行中的污水处理设施的 4 年排放月报（DMR）数据进行了统计分析，以确定平均流量和容量利用率对生化需氧量（BOD）、总悬浮固体（TSS）、氨和粪大肠菌群的影响相对于允许值。使用广义线性模型（GLM）对关系进行了量化。对于 BOD、TSS 和氨，小型设施（40 立方米/天）的违规率是最大设施（400,000 立方米/天）的 10 倍以上。对于平均流量小于 40,000 立方米/天的设施，随着容量利用率的增加，BOD 和 TSS 的出水水平也随之增加。较大的工厂往往在接近其设计能力的流量下运行，同时保持处理效果，这表明效率更高。
