OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Dresden University of Technology, Germany.
Radiother Oncol. 2011 Jun;99(3):271-8. doi: 10.1016/j.radonc.2011.06.007. Epub 2011 Jun 23.
Translational research is essential to find new therapeutic approaches to improve cancer patient survival. Despite extensive efforts in preclinical studies, many novel therapies fail to turn out to be translational from bench to beside. Therefore, new models better reflecting the conditions in vivo are needed to generate results, which transfer reliably into the clinic. The use of three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models has provided new emerging insights into the understanding of cellular behavior upon cancer therapies. Interestingly, cells cultured in a 3D extracellular matrix are more radio- and chemoresistant than cells grown under conventional 2D conditions. In this review, we summarize and discuss underlying mechanisms of this phenomenon including integrin-mediated cell-matrix interactions, cell shape, nuclear organization and chromatin structure. Identifying the molecular differences between 2D and 3D cultured cells will offer the opportunity to improve our research and widen our therapeutic possibilities against cancer.
转化研究对于寻找新的治疗方法来提高癌症患者的生存率至关重要。尽管在临床前研究中进行了广泛的努力，但许多新的治疗方法未能成功地从实验室转化为临床实践。因此，需要新的模型来更好地反映体内的情况，以产生能够可靠地转化为临床的结果。三维（3D）细胞培养模型的使用为理解癌症治疗后细胞行为提供了新的见解。有趣的是，在 3D 细胞外基质中培养的细胞比在传统 2D 条件下生长的细胞对放射和化疗更具抵抗力。在这篇综述中，我们总结并讨论了这种现象的潜在机制，包括整合素介导的细胞-基质相互作用、细胞形状、核组织和染色质结构。确定 2D 和 3D 培养细胞之间的分子差异将为提高我们的研究水平和扩大癌症治疗的可能性提供机会。
