Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy/Toxicology, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. BOX 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland.
Toxicol Lett. 2011 Sep 10;205(3):257-64. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.06.014. Epub 2011 Jun 17.
Many mothers use, against instructions, alcohol during pregnancy. Simultaneously mothers are exposed to a wide range of other environmental chemicals. These chemicals may also harm the developing fetus, because almost all toxic compounds can go through human placenta. Toxicokinetic effects of ethanol on the transfer of other environmental compounds through human placenta have not been studied before. It is known that ethanol has lytic properties and increases the permeability and fluidity of cell membranes. We studied the effects of ethanol on the transfer of three different environmental toxins: nicotine, PhIP (2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridine) and NDMA (N-nitrosodimethylamine) in placental perfusion. We tested in human breast cancer adenocarcinoma cell line MCF-7 whether ethanol affects ABCG2/BCRP, which is also the major transporter in human placenta. We found that the transfer of ethanol is comparable to that of antipyrine, which points to passive diffusion as the transfer mechanism. Unexpectedly, ethanol had no statistically significant effect on the transfer of the other studied compounds. Neither did ethanol inhibit the function of ABCG2/BCRP. These experiments represent only the effects of acute exposure to ethanol and chronic exposure remains to be studied.
许多母亲在怀孕期间违反规定使用酒精。同时，母亲们还会接触到各种各样的其他环境化学物质。这些化学物质也可能会伤害到正在发育的胎儿，因为几乎所有有毒化合物都可以穿过胎盘。以前没有研究过乙醇对其他环境化合物通过胎盘转运的毒代动力学效应。众所周知，乙醇具有溶血性，会增加细胞膜的通透性和流动性。我们研究了乙醇对三种不同环境毒素（尼古丁、PhIP（2-氨基-1-甲基-6-苯基咪唑并[4,5-b]吡啶）和 NDMA（N-亚硝基二甲胺））在胎盘灌注中的转移的影响。我们在人乳腺癌腺癌细胞系 MCF-7 中测试了乙醇是否会影响 ABCG2/BCRP，而 ABCG2/BCRP 也是人胎盘的主要转运蛋白。我们发现，乙醇的转运速度与安替比林相当，这表明转运机制是被动扩散。出人意料的是，乙醇对其他研究化合物的转运没有统计学上的显著影响。乙醇也没有抑制 ABCG2/BCRP 的功能。这些实验仅代表了急性暴露于乙醇的影响，而慢性暴露仍有待研究。
